Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D1251)
Drug Name	Pentoxifylline
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	Agapurin; Azupentat; Dimethyloxohexylxanthine; Durapental; Hemovas; Ikomio; Oxpentifylline; PENTOXYPHYLINE;PNX; Pentoxifilina; Pentoxifyllin; Pentoxifyllinum; Pentoxil; Pentoxiphyllin; Pentoxiphylline; Pentoxiphyllium; Pentoxyfylline; Pentoxyphyllin; Pentoxyphylline; Ralofect; Rentylin; Torental; Trental;Vasofirin; Vazofirin; Agapurin Retard; BL 191; BL191; EHT 0201; EHT0201; IN1161; P 1784; Artal (TN); BL-191; EHT-0201; EHT-201; Flexital (TN); Pentox (TN); Pentoxifilina [INN-Spanish]; Pentoxifyllinum [INN-Latin]; Pentoxil (TN); Pentoxin (TN); Trental (TN); Cis-9-Octadecenoyl coenzyme A; Pentoxifylline [USAN:INN:JAN]; Pentoxifylline (JAN/USP/INN); 1,2,3,6-Tetrahydro-3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-2,6-purindion; 1-(5-Oxohexyl)-3,7-dimethylxanthine; 1-(5-Oxohexyl)theobromine; 3,7-Dihydro-3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-1H-purine-2,6-dione; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxo-hexyl)-3,7-dihydro-purine-2,6-dione; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl) xantine; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-1H,3H-purin-2,6-dione; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xanthine; 3,7-Dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)xantine; 3,7-dimethyl-1-(5-oxohexyl)purine-2,6-dione Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	BD40: Arterial occlusive disease
Therapeutic Class	Vasodilator Agents
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C13H18N4O3
InChI	1S/C13H18N4O3/c1-9(18)6-4-5-7-17-12(19)10-11(14-8-15(10)2)16(3)13(17)20/h8H,4-7H2,1-3H3
InChIKey	BYPFEZZEUUWMEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CC(=O)CCCCN1C(=O)C2=C(N=CN2C)N(C1=O)C
External Link
	Pubchem ID	4740
	CAS Number	1677687
	CHEBI ID	7986
	TTD ID	D03XTA
	INTEDE ID	DR1255

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM004 Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism AM006 Pharmacodynamic additive effects BM017 CYP450 enzyme inhibition BM022 CYP450 enzyme induction BM042 Additive hypotensive effects BM050 Increased risk of bleeding BM064 Increased risk of hypoglycemia
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Pentoxifylline
Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism
	CYP450 enzyme inhibition					Drug Num: 18
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0337		Cimetidine	C10H16N6S	2756	Moderate		Inter Info	[109], [7]
D0341		Ciprofloxacin	C17H18FN3O3	2764	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0573		Enoxacin	C15H17FN4O3	3229	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0687		Fluvoxamine	C15H21F3N2O2	5324346	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1028		Methoxsalen	C12H8O4	4114	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1054		Mexiletine	C11H17NO	4178	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0002		Abametapir (topical)	C12H12N2	15664	Moderate		Inter Info	[120]
D0251		Capmatinib	C23H17FN6O	25145656	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0432		Deferasirox	C21H15N3O4	214348	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0545		Echinacea	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D0724		Givosiran	C78H139N11O30	119058042	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1160		Obeticholic acid	C26H44O4	447715	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1189		Osilodrostat	C13H10FN3	44139752	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1432		Rucaparib	C19H18FN3O	9931954	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1505		Stiripentol	C14H18O3	5311454	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1687		Vemurafenib	C23H18ClF2N3O3S	42611257	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1571		Thiabendazole	C10H7N3S	5430	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
D1721		Zileuton	C11H12N2O2S	60490	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [7]
	CYP450 enzyme induction					Drug Num: 1
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1556		Teriflunomide	C12H9F3N2O2	54684141	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
Pharmacodynamic additive effects
	Additive hypotensive effects					Drug Num: 106
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0036		Alfuzosin	C19H27N5O4	2092	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0046		Alprostadil	C20H34O5	5280723	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0058		Amiloride	C6H8ClN7O	16231	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0069		Amlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	2162	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0117		Atenolol	C14H22N2O3	2249	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0156		Benazepril	C24H28N2O5	5362124	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0158		Bendroflumethiazide	C15H14F3N3O4S2	2315	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0166		Benzthiazide	C15H14ClN3O4S3	2343	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0173		Betaxolol	C18H29NO3	2369	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0188		Bisoprolol	C18H31NO4	2405	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0194		Bosentan	C27H29N5O6S	104865	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0265		Carteolol	C16H24N2O3	2583	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0326		Chlorthalidone	C14H11ClN2O4S	2732	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0363		Clonidine	C9H9Cl2N3	2803	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0497		Diltiazem	C22H26N2O4S	39186	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0524		Doxazosin	C23H25N5O5	3157	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0567		Enalapril	C20H28N2O5	5388962	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0585		Eplerenone	C24H30O6	443872	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0602		Esmolol	C16H25NO4	59768	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0644		Fenoldopam	C16H16ClNO3	3341	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0695		Fosinopril	C30H46NO7P	55891	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0704		Furosemide	C12H11ClN2O5S	3440	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0742		Guanabenz	C8H8Cl2N4	5702063	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0743		Guanadrel	C10H19N3O2	38521	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0775		Hydroflumethiazide	C8H8F3N3O4S2	3647	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0865		Isradipine	C19H21N3O5	3784	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0884		Labetalol	C19H24N2O3	3869	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0938		Lisinopril	C21H31N3O5	5362119	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0954		Losartan	C22H23ClN6O	3961	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0978		Mannitol	C6H14O6	6251	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0983		Mecamylamine	C11H21N	4032	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1048		Metolazone	C16H16ClN3O3S	4170	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1049		Metoprolol	C15H25NO3	4171	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1053		Metyrosine	C10H13NO3	441350	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1072		Minoxidil	C9H15N5O	4201	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1082		Moexipril	C27H34N2O7	91270	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1130		Nicardipine	C26H29N3O6	4474	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1138		Nimodipine	C21H26N2O7	4497	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1141		Nisoldipine	C20H24N2O6	4499	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1146		Nitroglycerin	C3H5N3O9	4510	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1147		Nitroprusside	C5FeN6O	11953891	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0038		Aliskiren	C30H53N3O6	5493444	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0053		Ambrisentan	C22H22N2O4	6918493	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0083		Amyl Nitrite	C5H11NO2	10026	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0128		Avanafil	C23H26ClN7O3	9869929	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0138		Azilsartan medoxomil	C30H24N4O8	135409642	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0170		Bepridil	C24H34N2O	2351	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0217		Bumetanide	C17H20N2O5S	2471	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0254		Captopril	C9H15NO3S	44093	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0267		Carvedilol	C24H26N2O4	2585	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0321		Chlorothiazide	C7H6ClN3O4S2	2720	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0352		Clevidipine	C21H23Cl2NO6	153994	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0396		Cyclandelate	C17H24O3	2893	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0444		Deserpidine	C32H38N2O8	8550	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0587		Eprosartan	C23H24N2O4S	5281037	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0613		Etacrynic acid	C13H12Cl2O4	3278	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0640		Felodipine	C18H19Cl2NO4	3333	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0744		Guanethidine	C10H22N4	3518	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0745		Guanfacine	C9H9Cl2N3O	3519	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0770		Hydralazine	C8H8N4	3637	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0771		Hydrochlorothiazide	C7H8ClN3O4S2	3639	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0798		Indapamide	C16H16ClN3O3S	3702	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0844		Irbesartan	C25H28N6O	3749	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0860		Isosorbide	C6H10O4	12597	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0861		Isosorbide dinitrate	C6H8N2O8	6883	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0862		Isosorbide mononitrate	C6H9NO6	27661	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0864		Isoxsuprine	C18H23NO3	3783	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0911		Levamlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	9822750	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D0942		Lofexidine	C11H12Cl2N2O	30668	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1035		Methyldopa	C10H13NO4	38853	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1098		Nadolol	C17H27NO4	39147	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1114		Nebivolol	C22H25F2NO4	71301	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1125		Nesiritide	C143H244N50O42S4	53325981	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1134		Nifedipine	C17H18N2O6	4485	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1223		Papaverine	C20H21NO4	4680	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1244		Penbutolol	C18H29NO2	37464	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1267		Phenoxybenzamine	C18H22ClNO	4768	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1293		Pindolol	C14H20N2O2	4828	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1311		Polythiazide	C11H13ClF3N3O4S3	4870	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1369		Quinapril	C25H30N2O5	54892	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1466		Silodosin	C25H32F3N3O4	5312125	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1527		Tadalafil	C22H19N3O4	110635	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1545		Telmisartan	C33H30N4O2	65999	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1552		Terazosin	C19H25N5O4	5401	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1633		Trichlormethiazide	C8H8Cl3N3O4S2	5560	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1643		Trimethaphan	C22H25N2OS+	23576	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1668		Urea	CH4N2O	1176	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1682		Vardenafil	C23H32N6O4S	135400189	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1256		Perindopril	C19H32N2O5	107807	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1271		Phentolamine	C17H19N3O	5775	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1331		Prazosin	C19H21N5O4	4893	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1357		Propranolol	C16H21NO2	4946	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1379		Ramipril	C23H32N2O5	5362129	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1383		Ranolazine	C24H33N3O4	56959	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1393		Reserpine	C33H40N2O9	5770	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1465		Sildenafil	C22H30N6O4S	135398744	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1498		Sotalol	C12H20N2O3S	5253	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1501		Spironolactone	C24H32O4S	5833	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1534		Tamsulosin	C20H28N2O5S	129211	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1585		Timolol	C13H24N4O3S	33624	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1602		Tolazoline	C10H12N2	5504	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1611		Torasemide	C16H20N4O3S	41781	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1618		Trandolapril	C24H34N2O5	5484727	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1631		Triamterene	C12H11N7	5546	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1679		Valsartan	C24H29N5O3	60846	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1690		Verapamil	C27H38N2O4	2520	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
	Increased risk of bleeding					Drug Num: 75
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0882		Ketorolac	C15H13NO3	3826	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D0008		Acalabrutinib	C26H23N7O2	71226662	Major		Inter Info	[2]
D0805		Inotersen	C230H318N69O121P19S19	121492004	Major		Inter Info	[3], [4], [5]
D0005		Abciximab	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0047		Alteplase	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0084		Anagrelide	C10H7Cl2N3O	135409400	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0088		Anistreplase	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0102		Ardeparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0104		Argatroban	C23H36N6O5S	92722	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0189		Bivalirudin	C98H138N24O33	16129704	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0364		Clopidogrel	C16H16ClNO2S	60606	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0476		Diclofenac	C14H11Cl2NO2	3033	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0478		Diclofenac (topical)	C14H11Cl2NO2	3033	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0481		Dicoumarol	C19H12O6	54676038	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0537		Drotrecogin alfa	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0588		Eptifibatide	C35H49N11O9S2	448812	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0624		Etodolac	C17H21NO3	3308	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0645		Fenoprofen	C15H14O3	3342	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0680		Flurbiprofen	C15H13FO2	3394	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0690		Fondaparinux	C31H53N3O49S8	5282448	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1815		Icosapent	C20H30O2	446284	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [111], [112]
D0800		Indomethacin	C19H16ClNO4	3715	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0904		Lepirudin	C287H440N80O111S6	118856773	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0991		Mefenamic acid	C15H15NO2	4044	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1097		Nabumetone	C15H16O2	4409	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1109		Naproxen	C14H14O3	156391	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0017		Acetylsalicylic acid	C9H8O4	2244	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0087		Anisindione	C16H12O3	2197	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0092		Antithrombin Alfa	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0093		Antithrombin III human	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0096		Apixaban	C25H25N5O4	10182969	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0176		Betrixaban	C23H22ClN5O3	10275777	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0210		Bromfenac	C15H12BrNO3	60726	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0247		Cangrelor	C17H25Cl2F3N5O12P3S2	9854012	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0336		Cilostazol	C20H27N5O2	2754	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0414		Dalteparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0415		Danaparoid	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0435		Defibrotide	C20H21N4O6P	135565962	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0447		Desirudin	C287H440N80O110S6	16129703	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0462		Dextran (-1)	C18H32O16	4125253	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0463		Dextran (high molecular weight)	C18H32O16	4125253	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0464		Dextran (low molecular weight)	C18H32O16	4125253	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0489		Diflunisal	C13H8F2O3	3059	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0506		Dipyridamole	C24H40N8O4	3108	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0551		Edoxaban	C24H30ClN7O4S	10280735	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0574		Enoxaparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0586		Epoprostenol	C20H32O5	5282411	Moderate		Inter Info	[121], [122], [123]
D0638		Fedratinib	C27H36N6O3S	16722836	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0753		Heparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0786		Ibuprofen	C13H18O2	3672	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0792		Iloprost	C22H32O4	5311181	Moderate		Inter Info	[121], [122], [123]
D0881		Ketoprofen	C16H14O3	3825	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0988		Meclofenamic acid	C14H11Cl2NO2	4037	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0995		Meloxicam	C14H13N3O4S2	54677470	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1140		Niraparib	C19H20N4O	24958200	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [124]
D1178		Omega-3 fatty acids	C60H92O6	56842239	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [111], [112]
D1196		Oxaprozin	C18H15NO3	4614	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1274		Phenylbutazone	C19H20N2O2	4781	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1328		Prasugrel	C20H20FNO3S	6918456	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1417		Rivaroxaban	C19H18ClN3O5S	9875401	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1538		Tazemetostat	C34H44N4O4	66558664	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1579		Ticagrelor	C23H28F2N6O4S	9871419	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1588		Tinzaparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1705		Vorapaxar	C29H33FN2O4	10077130	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1300		Piroxicam	C15H13N3O4S	54676228	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1395		Reteplase	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1506		Streptokinase	C11H19NO2	9815560	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1520		Sulindac	C20H17FO3S	1548887	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1550		Tenecteplase	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1581		Ticlopidine	C14H14ClNS	5472	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1593		Tirofiban	C22H36N2O5S	60947	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1606		Tolmetin	C15H15NO3	5509	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1625		Treprostinil	C23H34O5	6918140	Moderate		Inter Info	[121], [122], [123]
D1669		Urokinase	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D1711		Warfarin	C19H16O4	54678486	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
	Increased risk of hypoglycemia					Drug Num: 23
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0013		Acetohexamide	C15H20N2O4S	1989	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0325		Chlorpropamide	C10H13ClN2O3S	2727	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0727		Glimepiride	C24H34N4O5S	3476	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0811		Insulin glargine	C267H404N72O78S6	118984454	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [113], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [28], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [35], [37], [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [53], [56], [58], [59], [60], [63], [64], [66], [67], [68], [70], [114], [72], [115], [116], [77], [117], [118], [83], [85], [86], [87], [89], [91], [93], [95], [96], [100], [101], [102], [103], [119], [104], [105], [107], [108]
D0813		Insulin human	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0814		Insulin human (inhalation, rapid acting)	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0815		Insulin human (isophane)	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0816		Insulin human (regular)	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0817		Insulin human (zinc extended)	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0818		Insulin human (zinc)	C257H383N65O77S6	118984375	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0819		Insulin lispro	C257H389N65O77S6	16132438	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [113], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [28], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [35], [37], [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [53], [56], [58], [59], [60], [63], [64], [66], [67], [68], [70], [114], [72], [115], [116], [77], [117], [118], [83], [85], [86], [87], [89], [91], [93], [95], [96], [100], [101], [102], [103], [119], [104], [105], [107], [108]
D0820		Insulin lispro (protamine)	C257H389N65O77S6	16132438	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D1112		Nateglinide	C19H27NO3	5311309	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0728		Glipizide	C21H27N5O4S	3478	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0730		Glyburide	C23H28ClN3O5S	3488	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D0807		Insulin aspart (aspart protamine)	C256H381N65O79S6	118984445	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0808		Insulin aspart (aspart)	C256H381N65O79S6	118984445	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [72], [89]
D0809		Insulin degludec	C274H411N65O81S6	118984462	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [113], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [28], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [35], [37], [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [53], [56], [58], [59], [60], [63], [64], [66], [67], [68], [70], [114], [72], [115], [116], [77], [117], [118], [83], [85], [86], [87], [89], [91], [93], [95], [96], [100], [101], [102], [103], [119], [104], [105], [107], [108]
D0810		Insulin detemir	C267H402N64O76S6	16137271	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [113], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [28], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [35], [37], [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [53], [56], [58], [59], [60], [63], [64], [66], [67], [68], [70], [114], [72], [115], [116], [77], [117], [118], [83], [85], [86], [87], [89], [91], [93], [95], [96], [100], [101], [102], [103], [119], [104], [105], [107], [108]
D0812		Insulin glulisine	C258H384N64O78S6	16136701	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [113], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [28], [29], [30], [32], [33], [34], [35], [37], [38], [39], [41], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [53], [56], [58], [59], [60], [63], [64], [66], [67], [68], [70], [114], [72], [115], [116], [77], [117], [118], [83], [85], [86], [87], [89], [91], [93], [95], [96], [100], [101], [102], [103], [119], [104], [105], [107], [108]
D1392		Repaglinide	C27H36N2O4	65981	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D1601		Tolazamide	C14H21N3O3S	5503	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]
D1603		Tolbutamide	C12H18N2O3S	5505	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63], [64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [103], [104], [105], [106], [107], [108]

References
1	Product Information. Toradol (ketorolac). Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
2	Product Information. Calquence (acalabrutinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
3	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
4	Product Information. Brukinsa (zanubrutinib). BeiGene USA, Inc, San Mateo, CA.
5	Product Information. Tegsedi (inotersen). Akcea Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA.
6	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
7	Product Information. Trental (pentoxifylline). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
8	Abad S, Moachon L, Blanche P, Bavoux F, Sicard D, Salmon-Ceron D "Possible interaction between glicazide, fluconazole and sulfamethoxazole resulting in severe hypoglycaemia." Br J Clin Pharmacol 52 (2001): 456-7. [PMID: 11678792]
9	Ahmad S "Drug interaction induces hypoglycemia." J Fam Pract 40 (1995): 540-1. [PMID: 7775905]
10	Ahmad S "Gemfibrozil: interaction with glyburide." South Med J 84 (1991): 102. [PMID: 1898783]
11	Aleyassine H, Gardiner RJ "Dual action of antidepressant drugs (MAO inhibitors) on insulin release." Endocrinology 96 (1975): 702-10. [PMID: 1090438]
12	Aleyassine H, Lee SH "Inhibition of insulin release by substrates and inhibitors of monoamine oxidase." Am J Physiol 222 (1972): 565-9. [PMID: 5022664]
13	Almirall J, Montoliu J, Torras A, Revert L "Propoxyphene-induced hypoglycemia in a patient with chronic renal failure." Nephron 53 (1989): 273-5. [PMID: 2797348]
14	Arauz-Pacheco C, Ramirez LC, Rios JM, Raskin P "Hypoglycemia induced by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes receiving sulfonylurea therapy." Am J Med 89 (1990): 811-3. [PMID: 2123605]
15	Asplund K, Wiholm BE, Lithner F "Glibenclamide-associated hypoglycaemia: a report on 57 cases." Diabetologia 24 (1983): 412-7. [PMID: 6411511]
16	Baciewicz AM, Swafford WB Jr "Hypoglycemia induced by the interaction of chlorpropamide and co-trimoxazole." Drug Intell Clin Pharm 18 (1984): 309-10. [PMID: 6609055]
17	Barbato M "Another problem with Kinidin." Med J Aust 141 (1984): 685. [PMID: 6436654]
18	Baron SH "Salicylates as hypoglycemic agents." Diabetes Care 5 (1982): 64-71. [PMID: 6754304]
19	Cacoub P, Deray G, Baumelou A, Grimaldi A, Soubrie C, Jacobs C "Disopyramide-induced hypoglycemia: case report and review of the literature." Fundam Clin Pharmacol 3 (1989): 527-35. [PMID: 2691378]
20	Cattaneo AG, Caviezel F, Pozza G "Pharmacological interaction between tolbutamide and acetylsalicylic acid: study on insulin secretion in man." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 28 (1990): 229-34. [PMID: 2198232]
21	Christensen LK, Hansen JM, Kristensen M "Sulphaphenazole-induced hypoglycemic attacks in tolbutamide-treated diabetics." Lancet 2 (1963): 1298-301. [PMID: 14071924]
22	Cooper AJ, Ashcroft G "Potentiation of insulin hypoglycaemia by M.A.O.I. antidepressant drugs." Lancet 1 (1966): 407-9. [PMID: 4159787]
23	Croxson MS, Shaw DW, Henley PG, Gabriel HDLL "Disopyramide-induced hypoglycaemia and increased serum insulin." N Z Med J July (1987): 407-8. [PMID: 3330586]
24	Darcy PF, Griffin JP "Interactions with drugs used in the treatment of depressive illness." Adverse Drug React Toxicol Rev 14 (1995): 211-31. [PMID: 8845455]
25	Daubresse JC, Daigneux D, Bruwier M, Luyckx A, Lefebvre PJ "Clofibrate and diabetes control in patients treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents." Br J Clin Pharmacol 7 (1979): 599-603. [PMID: 380614]
26	Daubresse JC, Luyckx AS, Lefebvre PJ "Potentiation of hypoglycemic effect of sulfonylureas by clofibrate." N Engl J Med 294 (1976): 613. [PMID: 1246250]
27	David DS, Steere AC Jr, Pi-Sunyer XF, Sakai S, Clark SB "Aspirin-induced hypoglycaemia in a patient on haemodialysis." Lancet 2 (1971): 1092-3. [PMID: 4106934]
28	Davis TM, Karbwang J, Looareesuwan S, et al "Comparative effects of quinine and quinidine on glucose metabolism in healthy volunteers." Br J Clin Pharmacol 30 (1990): 397-403. [PMID: 2223418]
29	de Salcedo I, Gorringe AL, Silva JL, Santos JA "Gemfibrozil in a group of diabetics." Proc R Soc Med 69 (1976): 64-70. [PMID: 1019155]
30	Deeg MA, Lipkin EW "Hypoglycemia associated with the use of fluoxetine." West J Med 164 (1996): 262-3. [PMID: 8775944]
31	Diwan PV, Sastry MS, Satyanarayana NV "Potentiation of hypoglycemic response of glibenclamide by piroxicam in rats and humans." Indian J Exp Biol 30 (1992): 317-9. [PMID: 1459600]
32	Feher MD, Amiel S "ACE inhibitors and hypoglycaemia." Lancet 346 (1995): 125-6. [PMID: 7603199]
33	Feldman JM, Chapman B "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: nature of their interaction with rabbit pancreatic islets to alter insulin secretion." Diabetologia 11 (1975): 487-94. [PMID: 1107123]
34	Ferrari C, Fressati S, Romussi M, et al. "Effects of short-term clofibrate administration on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in patients with chemical diabetes or hypertriglyceridemia." Metabolism 26 (1977): 129-39. [PMID: 834147]
35	Ferriere M, Lachkar H, Richard JL, Bringer J, Orsetti A, Mirouze J "Captopril and insulin sensitivity." Ann Intern Med 102 (1985): 134-5. [PMID: 3881067]
36	Field JB, Ohta M, Boyle C, Remer A "Potentiation of acetohexamide hypoglycemia by phenylbutazone." N Engl J Med 277 (1967): 889-94. [PMID: 6061822]
37	Fogari R, Zoppi A, Corradi L, Pierangelo L, Mugellini A, Lusardi P "Comparative effects of lisinopril and losartan on insulin sensitivity in the treatment of non diabetic hypertension." Br J Clin Pharmacol 46 (1998): 467-71. [PMID: 9833600]
38	Giugliano D, Ceriello A, Saccomanno F, et al "Effects of salicylate, tolbutamide, and prostaglandin E2 on insulin responses to glucose in noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus." J Clin Endocrinol Metab 61 (1985): 160-6. [PMID: 3923028]
39	Goldberg IJ, Brown LK, Rayfield EJ "Disopyramide (norpace)-induced hypoglycemia." Am J Med 69 (1980): 463-6. [PMID: 6998294]
40	Harris EL "Adverse reactions to oral antidiabetic agents." Br Med J 3 (1971): 29-30. [PMID: 5091891]
41	Harrison LC, King-Roach A, Martin FI, Melick RA "The effect of fenfluramine on insulin binding and on basal and insulin-stimulated oxidation of 1-C-glucose by human adipose tissue." Postgrad Med J 51 Suppl 1 (1975): 110-4. [PMID: 1219664]
42	Hartmann D, Korn A, Komjati M, Heinz G, Haefelfinger P, Defoin R, Waldhausl WK "Lack of effect of tenoxicam on dynamic responses to concurrent oral doses of glucose and glibenclamide." Br J Clin Pharmacol 30 (1990): 245-52. [PMID: 2119677]
43	Hayashi S, Horie M, Tsuura Y, Ishida H, Okada Y, Seino Y, Sasayama S "Disopyramide blocks pancreatic ATP-sensitive K+ channels and enhances insulin release." Am J Physiol 265 (1993): c337-42. [PMID: 8368263]
44	Hekimsoy Z, Biberoglu S, Comlekci A, Tarhan O, Mermut C, Biberoglu K "Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-induced hypoglycemia in a malnourished patient with severe infection." Eur J Endocrinol 136 (1997): 3046. [PMID: 9100556]
45	Hellman B "Potentiating effects of drugs on the binding of glibenclamide to pancreatic beta cells." Metabolism 23 (1974): 839-46. [PMID: 4212254]
46	Herings RMC, Deboer A, Stricker BHC, Leufkens HGM, Porsius A "Hypoglycaemia associated with use of inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme." Lancet 345 (1995): 1195-8. [PMID: 7739305]
47	Hundal RS, Petersen KF, Mayerson AB, et al "Mechanism by which high-dose aspirin improves glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetes." J Clin Invest 109 (2002): 1321-6. [PMID: 12021247]
48	Iida H, Morita T, Suzuki E, Iwasawa K, Toyooka T, Nakajima T "Hypoglycemia induced by interaction between clarithromycin and disopyramide." Jpn Heart J 40 (1999): 91-6. [PMID: 10370402]
49	Johnson J, Dobmeier M "Symptomatic hypoglycemia secondary to a glipizide-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole drug interaction." DICP 24 (1990): 250-1. [PMID: 2316232]
50	Johnson JA, Kappel JE, Sharif MN "Hypoglycemia secondary to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole administration in a renal transplant patient." Ann Pharmacother 27 (1993): 304-6. [PMID: 8453166]
51	Konttinen A, Kuisma I, Ralli R, Pohjola S, Ojala K "The effect of gemfibrozil on serum lipids in diabetic patients." Ann Clin Res 11 (1979): 240-5. [PMID: 398183]
52	Kradjan WA, Witt DM, Opheim KE, Wood FC "Lack of interaction between glipizide and co-trimoxazole." J Clin Pharmacol 34 (1994): 997-1002. [PMID: 7836551]
53	Kubacka RT, Antla EJ, Juhl RP, Welshman IR "Effects of aspirin and ibuprofen on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glyburide in healthy subjects." Ann Pharmacother 30 (1996): 20-6. [PMID: 8773160]
54	Lozada A, Dujovne CA "Drug interactions with fibric acids." Pharmacol Ther 63 (1994): 163-76. [PMID: 7809177]
55	Lumholtz B, Siersbaek-Nielsen K, Skovsted L, Kampmann J, Hansen JM "Sulfamethizole-induced inhibition of diphenylhydantoin, tolbutamide, and warfarin metabolism." Clin Pharmacol Ther 17 (1975): 731-4. [PMID: 1139863]
56	Morris AD, Newton RW, Boyle DI, et al. "ACE inhibitor use is associated with hospitalization for severe hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes." Diabetes Care 20 (1997): 1363-7. [PMID: 9283780]
57	Morrison PJ, Rogers HJ, Spector RG, Bradbrook ID, John VA "Effect of pirprofen on glibenclamide kinetics and response." Br J Clin Pharmacol 14 (1982): 123-6. [PMID: 6809024]
58	Murakami K, Nambu S, Koh H, Kobayashi M, Shigeta Y "Clofibrate enhances the affinity of insulin receptors in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus." Br J Clin Pharmacol 17 (1984): 89-91. [PMID: 6362704]
59	Nakabayashi H, Ito T, Igawa T, Hiraiwa Y, Imamura T, Seta T, Kawato M, Usukura N, Takeda R "Disopyramide induces insulin secretion and plasma glucose diminution: studies using the in situ canine pancreas." Metabolism 38 (1989): 179-83. [PMID: 2643753]
60	Nappi JM, Dhanani S, Lovejoy JR, VanderArk C "Severe hypoglycemia associated with disopyramide." West J Med 138 (1983): 95-7. [PMID: 6404062]
61	Niemi M, Backman JT, Neuvonen M, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ, Kivisto KT "Effects of fluconazole and fluvoxamine on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of glimepiride." Clin Pharmacol Ther 69 (2001): 194-200. [PMID: 11309547]
62	Nikkila EA, Ylikahri R, Huttunen JK "Gemfibrozil: effect on serum lipids, lipoproteins, postheparin plasma lipase activities and glucose tolerance in primary hypertriglyceridaemia." Proc R Soc Med 69 (1976): 58-63. [PMID: 190608]
63	Paolisso G, Balbi V, Gambardella A, Varricchio G, Tortoriello R, Saccomanno F, Amato L, Varricchio M "Lisinopril administration improves insulin action in aged patients with hypertension." J Hum Hypertens 9 (1995): 541-6. [PMID: 7562882]
64	Pestell RG, Crock PA, Ward GM, Alford FP, Best JD "Fenfluramine increases insulin action in patients with NIDDM." Diabetes Care 12 (1989): 252-8. [PMID: 2495916]
65	Petitpierre B, Perrin L, Rudhardt M, et al "Behaviour of chlorpropamide in renal insufficiency and under the effect of associated drug therapy." Int J Clin Pharmacol 6 (1972): 120-4. [PMID: 4638970]
66	Phillips AF, Matty PJ, Porte PJ, Raye JR "Inhibition of glucose-induced insulin secretion by indomethacin and sodium salicylate in the fetal lamb." Am J Obstet Gynecol 148 (1984): 481-7. [PMID: 6364813]
67	Phillips RE, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, et al "Hypoglycaemia and antimalarial drugs: quinidine and release of insulin." Br Med J 292 (1986): 1319-21. [PMID: 3085830]
68	Pollak PT, Mukherjee SD, Fraser AD "Sertraline-induced hypoglycemia." Ann Pharmacother 35 (2001): 1371-4. [PMID: 11724085]
69	Pond SM, Birkett DJ, Wade DN "Mechanisms of inhibition of tolbutamide metabolism: phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, sulfaphenazole." Clin Pharmacol Ther 22 (1977): 573-9. [PMID: 913025]
70	Prince RL, Larkins RG, Alford FP "The effect of acetylsalicylic acid on plasma glucose and the response of glucose regulatory hormones to intravenous glucose and arginine in insulin treated diabetics and normal subjects." Metabolism 30 (1981): 293-8. [PMID: 7010074]
71	Product Information. Amaryl (glimepiride). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
72	Product Information. Apidra (insulin glulisine). Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ.
73	Product Information. Diabeta (glyburide). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
74	Product Information. Diabinese (chlorpropamide). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
75	Product Information. Dymelor (acetohexamide) Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
76	Product Information. Glucotrol (glipizide). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
77	Product Information. Increlex (mecasermin). Tercica Inc, Brisbane, CA.
78	Product Information. Micronase (glyburide). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
79	Product Information. Orinase (tolbutamide) Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
80	Product Information. Prandin (repaglinide). Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc, Princeton, NJ.
81	Product Information. Starlix (nateglinide) Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
82	Product Information. Tolinase (tolazamide) Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
83	Quevedo SF, Krauss DS, Chazan JA, et al "Fasting hypoglycemia secondary to disopyramide therapy." JAMA 245 (1981): 2424. [PMID: 6785461]
84	Ravic M, Johnston A, Turner P "Clinical pharmacological studies of some possible interactions of lornoxicam with other drugs." Postgrad Med J 66 (1990): s30-4. [PMID: 2126624]
85	Richardson T, Foster J, Mawer GE "Enhancement by sodium salicylate of the blood glucose lowering effect of chlorpropamide-drug interaction or summation of similar effects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 22 (1986): 43-8. [PMID: 3527244]
86	Rubin M, Zakheim B, Pitchumoni C "Disopyramide-induced profound hypoglycemia." N Y State J Med July,Aug,S (1983): 1057-8. [PMID: 6579404]
87	Salmela PI, Sotaniemi EA, Viikari J, et al "Fenfluramine therapy in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients effects on body weight, glucose homeostasis, serum lipoproteins, and antipyrine metabolism." Diabetes Care 4 (1981): 535-40. [PMID: 6751729]
88	Sawka AM, Burgart V, Zimmerman D "Loss of awareness of hypoglycemia temporally associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors." Diabetes Care 24 (2001): 1845-6. [PMID: 11574457]
89	Semel JD, Wortham E, Karl DM "Fasting hypoglycemia associated with disopyramide." Am Heart J 106 (1983): 1160-1. [PMID: 6356848]
90	Shah SJ, Bhandarkar SD, Satoskar RS "Drug interaction between chlorpropamide and non-steroidal anti-flammatory drugs, ibuprofen and phenylbutazone." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 22 (1984): 470-2. [PMID: 6500764]
91	Sievenpiper JL, Arnason JT, Leiter LA, Vuksan V "Variable effects of American ginseng: a batch of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) with a depressed ginsenoside profile does not affect postprandial glycemia." Eur J Clin Nutr 57 (2003): 243-8. [PMID: 12571655]
92	Sjoberg S, Wiholm BE, Gunnarsson R, Emilsson H, Thunberg E, Christenson I, Ostman J "Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between glibenclamide and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole." Diabet Med 4 (1987): 245-7. [PMID: 2956028]
93	Slade IH, and Iosefa RN "Fatal hypoglycemic coma from the use of tolbutamide in elderly patients: report of two cases." J Am Geriatr Soc 15 (1967): 948-50. [PMID: 6046558]
94	Sone H, Takahashi A, Yamada N "Ibuprofen-related hypoglycemia in a patient receiving sulfonylurea." Ann Intern Med 134 (2001): 344. [PMID: 11182854]
95	Storlien LH, Thorburn AW, Smythe GA, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ, Kraegen EW "Effect of d-fenfluramine on basal glucose turnover and fat-feeding-induced insulin resistance in rats." Diabetes 38 (1989): 499-503. [PMID: 2647557]
96	Strathman I, Schubert EN, Cohen A, Nitzberg DM "Hypoglycemia in patients receiving disopyramide phosphate." Drug Intell Clin Pharm 17 (1983): 635-8. [PMID: 6413187]
97	Tannenbaum H, Anderson LG, Soeldner JS "Phenylbutazone-tolbutamide drug interaction." N Engl J Med 290 (1974): 344. [PMID: 4809290]
98	Tran PO, Gleason CE, Robertson RP "Inhibition of interleukin-1beta-induced COX-2 and EP3 gene expression by sodium salicylate enhances pancreatic islet beta-cell function." Diabetes 51 (2002): 1772-8. [PMID: 12031964]
99	Tremaine LM, Wilner KD, Preskorn SH "A study of the potential effect of sertraline on the pharmacokinetics and protein binding of tolbutamide." Clin Pharmacokinet 32(Suppl 1) (1997): 31-36. [PMID: 9068933]
100	Turtle JR, Burgess JA "Hypoglycemic action of fenfluramine in diabetes mellitus." Diabetes 22 (1973): 858-67. [PMID: 4749404]
101	Verdy M, Charbonneau L, Verdy I, Belanger R, Bolte E, Chiasson JL "Fenfluramine in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetics: hypoglycemic versus anorectic effect." Int J Obes 7 (1983): 289-97. [PMID: 6629637]
102	Vuksan V, Sievenpiper JL, Koo VY, et al "American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L) reduces postprandial glycemia in nondiabetic subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus." Arch Intern Med 160 (2000): 1009-13. [PMID: 10761967]
103	Vuksan V, Stavro MP, Sievenpiper JL, et al "Similar postprandial glycemic reductions with escalation of dose and administration time of American ginseng in type 2 diabetes." Diabetes Care 23 (2000): 1221-6. [PMID: 10977009]
104	Whitcroft IA, Thomas JM, Rawsthorne A, et al "Effects of alpha and beta adrenoceptor blocking drugs and ACE inhibitors on long term glucose and lipid control in hypertensive non-insulin dependent diabetics." Horm Metab Res Suppl 22 (1990): 42-6. [PMID: 1975246]
105	Wiederholt IC, Genco M, Foley JM "Recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia induced by propoxyphene." Neurology 17 (1967): 703-6. [PMID: 6067489]
106	Wing LM, Miners JO "Cotrimoxazole as an inhibitor of oxidative drug metabolism: effects of trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole separately and combined on tolbutamide disposition." Br J Clin Pharmacol 20 (1985): 482-5. [PMID: 3878154]
107	World Health Organization "WHO Public Assessment Reports (WHOPARs).".
108	Wu B, Sato T, Kiyosue T, Arita M "Blockade of 2,4-dinitrophenol induced ATP sensitive potassium current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes by class I antiarrhythmic drugs." Cardiovasc Res 26 (1992): 1095-101. [PMID: 1291087]
109	Mauro VF, Mauro LS, Hageman JH "Alteration of pentoxifylline pharmacokinetics by cimetidine." J Clin Pharmacol 28 (1988): 649-54. [PMID: 3216031]
110	Magnusson M, Bergstrand IC, Bjorkman S, Heijl A, Roth B, Hoglund P "A placebo-controlled study of retinal blood flow changes by pentoxifylline and metabolites in humans." Br J Clin Pharmacol 61 (2006): 138-47. [PMID: 16433868]
111	Li XL, Steiner M "Fish oil: a potent inhibitor of platelet adhesiveness." Blood 76 (1990): 938-45. [PMID: 2118400]
112	Product Information. Vascepa (icosapent). Amarin Pharmaceuticals Inc, Warren, NJ.
113	Ben Salem C, Fathallah N, Hmouda H, Bouraoui K "Drug-induced hypoglycaemia: an update." Drug Saf 34 (2011): 21-45. [PMID: 20942513]
114	Product Information. Afrezza (insulin inhalation, rapid acting). MannKind Corporation, Valencia, CA.
115	Product Information. Humalog (insulin lispro). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
116	Product Information. Humulin 70/30 (insulin isophane-insulin regular). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
117	Product Information. Ryzodeg 70/30 FlexTouch (insulin aspart-insulin degludec). Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc, Princeton, NJ.
118	Product Information. Tresiba FlexTouch (insulin degludec). Novo Nordisk Pharmaceuticals Inc, Princeton, NJ.
119	Vuorinen-Markkola H, Yki-Jarvinen H "Antihypertensive therapy with enalapril improves glucose storage and insulin sensitivity in hypertensive patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus." Metabolism 44 (1995): 85-9. [PMID: 7854171]
120	Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
121	Product Information. Flolan (epoprostenol). Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
122	Product Information. Remodulin (treprostinil). United Therapeutics Corp, Silver Spring, MD.
123	Product Information. Ventavis (iloprost). Actelion Pharmaceuticals US Inc, South San Francisco, CA.
124	Product Information. Zejula (niraparib). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
125	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
126	Product Information. Aubagio (teriflunomide). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.

Details of Drug

Details of Drug

Cite MecDDI

About MecDDI

Correspondence