Details of Drug Interaction

Details of Drug-Drug Interaction

 Drug General Information (ID: DDIQ0DRXW1)
  Drug Name Carteolol (ophthalmic) Drug Info Apraclonidine Drug Info
  Drug Type Small molecule Small molecule
  Therapeutic Class Antihypertensive Agents Ophthalmic Glaucoma Agents
  Structure

 Mechanism of Carteolol (ophthalmic)-Apraclonidine Interaction (Severity Level: Moderate)
     Additive hypotensive effects Click to Show/Hide Mechanism Graph
Could Not Find 2D Structure
      Drug Name Carteolol (ophthalmic) Apraclonidine
      Mechanism 1 Antihypertensive agent Hypotensive effects
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor  Agonist
      Key Mechanism Factor 1
Factor Name Adrenergic receptor alpha-2 Structure Sequence
Protein Family G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Protein Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol.
    Click to Show/Hide
      Mechanism Description
  • Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Carteolol (ophthalmic) and Apraclonidine 
      Mechanism 2 Hypotensive effects Hypotensive effects
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor  Agonist
      Key Mechanism Factor 2
Factor Name Adrenergic receptor alpha-2 Structure Sequence
Protein Family G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Protein Function
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced inhibition of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The rank order of potency for agonists of this receptor is oxymetazoline > clonidine > epinephrine > norepinephrine > phenylephrine > dopamine > p-synephrine > p-tyramine > serotonin = p-octopamine. For antagonists, the rank order is yohimbine > phentolamine = mianserine > chlorpromazine = spiperone = prazosin > propanolol > alprenolol = pindolol.
    Click to Show/Hide
      Mechanism Description
  • Additive hypotensive effects by the combination of Carteolol (ophthalmic) and Apraclonidine 

Recommended Action
      Management Blood pressure and pulse rate should be monitored regularly when topical alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists are prescribed in combination with cardiovascular drugs. Patients should be advised to notify their physician if they experience slow pulse, irregular heartbeat, dizziness, lightheadedness, or syncope.

References
1 Product Information. Alphagan (brimonidine ophthalmic). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
2 Product Information. Mirvaso (brimonidine topical). Galderma Laboratories Inc, Cranbury, NJ.
3 Walters TR "Development and use of brimonidine in treating acute and chronic elevations of intraocular pressure: a review of safety, efficacy, dose response, and dosing studies." Surv Ophthalmol 41 ( Suppl (1996): s19-26