Drug General Information (ID: DDIK6USVF4)
Drug Name			Penicillamine		Drug Info		Zinc gluconate		Drug Info
Drug Type		Small molecule				Small molecule
Therapeutic Class		Antidotes				Minerals And Electrolytes
Structure

Mechanism of Penicillamine-Zinc gluconate Interaction (Severity Level: Moderate)
Complex formation Click to Show/Hide Mechanism Graph
Drug Name		Penicillamine				Zinc gluconate
Mechanism		Binds to polyvalent cations				Polyvalent cations
Key Mechanism Factor 1
		Factor Name		Chelation
		Factor Description		Chelation is a direct drug interaction that usually involves the formation of dimers or trimers, resulting in larger complexes and poorer absorption.
Mechanism Description		Decreased absorption of Zinc gluconate due to formation of complexes caused by Penicillamine

Recommended Action
Management		Mineral supplements or other products containing polyvalent cations should be administered at least two hours before or two hours after the penicillamine dose if possible.

References
1	Anderson LA. Hakojarvi SL, Boudreaux SK "Zinc acetate treatment in Wilson's disease." Ann Pharmacother 32 (1998): 78-87. [PMID: 9475826]
2	Brewer GJ "Practical recommendations and new therapies for Wilson's disease." Drugs 50 (1995): 240-9. [PMID: 8521757]
3	Brewer GJ, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V, Johnson V, Dick RD, Wang Y "Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc: XI. Interaction with other anticopper agents." J Am Coll Nutr 12 (1993): 26-30. [PMID: 8440814]
4	Farinati F, Cardin R, Mestriner C, Sturniolo GC, Naccarato R "Mechanisms of pennicillamine and zinc in the treatment of Wilson's disease." Am J Gastroenterol 90 (1995): 2264-5. [PMID: 8540540]
5	Product Information. Galzin (zinc acetate). Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, North Wales, PA.