Details of Drug Interaction

Details of Drug-Drug Interaction

 Drug General Information (ID: DDIGIMKJ14)
  Drug Name Timolol Drug Info Licorice Drug Info
  Drug Type Small molecule Natural product
  Therapeutic Class Antiarrhythmic Agents Herbal Products
  Structure

 Mechanism of Timolol-Licorice Interaction (Severity Level: Moderate)
     Antagonize the effect of antihypertensive agents Click to Show/Hide Mechanism Graph
Could Not Find 2D Structure
      Drug Name Timolol Licorice
      Mechanism Antihypertensive agent
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor  Antagonist 		Hypertensive effects
Mineralocorticoid and renin-suppressing effects 
      Key Mechanism Factor 1
Factor Name Adrenergic receptor beta-1
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Structure Sequence
MGAGVLVLGASEPGNLSSAAPLPDGAATAARLLVPASPPASLLPPASESPEPLSQQWTAGMGLLMALIVLLIVAGNVLVIVAIAKTPRLQTLTNLFIMSLASADLVMGLLVVPFGATIVVWGRWEYGSFFCELWTSVDVLCVTASIETLCVIALDRYLAITSPFRYQSLLTRARARGLVCTVWAISALVSFLPILMHWWRAESDEARRCYNDPKCCDFVTNRAYAIASSVVSFYVPLCIMAFVYLRVFREAQKQVKKIDSCERRFLGGPARPPSPSPSPVPAPAPPPGPPRPAAAAATAPLANGRAGKRRPSRLVALREQKALKTLGIIMGVFTLCWLPFFLANVVKAFHRELVPDRLFVFFNWLGYANSAFNPIIYCRSPDFRKAFQRLLCCARRAARRRHATHGDRPRASGCLARPGPPPSPGAASDDDDDDVVGATPPARLLEPWAGCNGGAAADSDSSLDEPCRPGFASESKV
Gene Name ADRB1
Uniprot ID ADRB1_HUMAN
KEGG Pathway hsa:153
Protein Family G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Protein Function
Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately equal affinity. Mediates Ras activation through G(s)-alpha- and cAMP-mediated signaling. Involved in the regulation of sleep/wake behaviors (PubMed:31473062).
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      Mechanism Description
  • Antagonize the effect of Timolol when combined with Licorice 

Recommended Action
      Management Patients receiving antihypertensive therapy should avoid or limit the consumption of licorice-containing products. Even relatively moderate doses of licorice may be problematic in susceptible patients when ingested regularly for prolonged periods.

References
1 Stewart PM, Wallace AM, Valentino R, Burt D, Shackleton CH, Edwards CR "Mineralocorticoid activity of liquorice: 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency comes of age." Lancet 2 (1987): 821-4. [PMID: 2889032]
2 Cumming AM "Metabolic effects of licorice." Br Med J 1 (1977): 906
3 Epstein MT, Espiner EA, Donald RA, Hughes H "Effect of eating liquorice on the renin-angiotensin aldosterone axis in normal subjects." Br Med J 1 (1977): 488-90