Drug General Information (ID: DDIE1YFD5X)
Drug Name			Isoflurane		Drug Info		Isoniazid		Drug Info
Drug Type		Small molecule				Small molecule
Therapeutic Class		Anesthetics				Antitubercular Agents
Structure

Mechanism of Isoflurane-Isoniazid Interaction (Severity Level: Moderate)
Increased risk of nephrotoxicity Click to Show/Hide Mechanism Graph
Drug Name		Isoflurane				Isoniazid
Mechanism		Inorganic fluoride-induced nephrotoxicity				The isoniazid metabolite, hydrazine, facilitates defluorination of the anesthetic
Key Mechanism Factor 1
		Factor Name		Nephrotoxicity
		Factor Description		The combination of drugs that can induce nephrotoxicity may increase the risk of kidney injury. When kidney injury occurs, the inability to remove excess urine and waste from the body can lead to high levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, and electrolytes (such as potassium and magnesium) in the blood.
Mechanism Description		Increased risk of nephrotoxicity by the combination of Isoflurane and Isoniazid

Recommended Action
Management		Renal function should be monitored postsurgically, especially in fast acetylators of isoniazid.

References
1	Dale O, Brown BR "Clinical pharmacokinetics of the inhalational anaesthetics." Clin Pharmacokinet 12 (1987): 145-67
2	Mazze RI, Woodruff RE, Heerdt ME "Isoniazid-induced enflurane defluorination in humans." Anesthesiology 57 (1982): 5-8
3	Gauntlett IS, Koblin DD, Fahey MR, et al. "Metabolism of isoflurane in patients receiving isoniazid." Anesth Analg 69 (1989): 245-9