Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D0424)
Drug Name	Darifenacin
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	Enablex; Emselex; 133099-04-4; UNII-APG9819VLM; UK-88525; APG9819VLM; CHEMBL1346; CHEBI:391960; (S)-1-(2-(2,3-Dihydro-5-benzofuranyl)ethyl)-alpha,alpha-diphenyl-3-pyrrolidineacetamide; 2-[(3S)-1-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide; darifenacine; [3H]darifenacin; 2-{(3S)-1-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]pyrrolidin-3-yl}-2,2-diphenylacetamide; NCGC00168775-01; Darifenacin (USAN/INN); Darifenacinum; Darifenacina; Darifenacin [USAN:INN:BAN]; Emselex; Emselex (TN); Enablex (TN) Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	GC50: Functional bladder disorder
Therapeutic Class	Urinary Antispasmodics
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C28H30N2O2
InChI	1S/C28H30N2O2/c29-27(31)28(23-7-3-1-4-8-23,24-9-5-2-6-10-24)25-14-17-30(20-25)16-13-21-11-12-26-22(19-21)15-18-32-26/h1-12,19,25H,13-18,20H2,(H2,29,31)/t25-/m1/s1
InChIKey	HXGBXQDTNZMWGS-RUZDIDTESA-N
Canonical SMILES	C1CN(CC1C(C2=CC=CC=C2)(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)N)CCC4=CC5=C(C=C4)OCC5
External Link
	Pubchem ID	444031
	CAS Number	133099-04-4
	CHEBI ID	391960
	TTD ID	D0Y5AM

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM001 Affected gastrointestinal absorption AM004 Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism AM006 Pharmacodynamic additive effects AM007 Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects BM001 Altered gastrointestinal dynamics BM007 Affecting drug dissolution BM017 CYP450 enzyme inhibition BM022 CYP450 enzyme induction BM033 Additive anticholinergic effects BM035 Additive antimotility effects BM038 Additive CNS depression effects BM054 Increased risk of GI mucosal injury/bleeding risk BM061 Increased risk of hyperpyrexia BM091 Antagonize the effect of cholinergic agents BM109 Increased risk of other adverse reactions (Unspecific)
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Darifenacin
Affected gastrointestinal absorption
	Altered gastrointestinal dynamics					Drug Num: 15
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0918		Levodopa	C9H11NO4	6047	Moderate		Inter Info	[127], [128], [129], [130], [131], [132]
D1326		Pramlintide	C171H267N51O53S2	70691388	Moderate		Inter Info	[138]
D0011		Acetaminophen	C8H9NO2	1983	Minor		Inter Info	[149], [150], [151]
D0158		Bendroflumethiazide	C15H14F3N3O4S2	2315	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0326		Chlorthalidone	C14H11ClN2O4S	2732	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0166		Benzthiazide	C15H14ClN3O4S3	2343	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0321		Chlorothiazide	C7H6ClN3O4S2	2720	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0771		Hydrochlorothiazide	C7H8ClN3O4S2	3639	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0775		Hydroflumethiazide	C8H8F3N3O4S2	3647	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0798		Indapamide	C16H16ClN3O3S	3702	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D1048		Metolazone	C16H16ClN3O3S	4170	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D1145		Nitrofurantoin	C8H6N4O5	6604200	Minor		Inter Info	[159], [160]
D1311		Polythiazide	C11H13ClF3N3O4S3	4870	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D1633		Trichlormethiazide	C8H8Cl3N3O4S2	5560	Minor		Inter Info	[152], [153]
D0491		Digoxin	C41H64O14	2724385	Minor		Inter Info	[162], [163], [164], [165], [166]
	Affecting drug dissolution					Drug Num: 1
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1146		Nitroglycerin	C3H5N3O9	4510	Minor		Inter Info	[161]
Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism
	CYP450 enzyme inhibition					Drug Num: 148
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0080		Amprenavir	C25H35N3O6S	65016	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0116		Atazanavir	C38H52N6O7	148192	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0192		Boceprevir	C27H45N5O5	10324367	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0202		Brexpiprazole	C25H27N3O2S	11978813	Major		Inter Info	[5]
D0302		Ceritinib	C28H36ClN5O3S	57379345	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0375		Cobicistat	C40H53N7O5S2	25151504	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0386		Conivaptan	C32H26N4O2	151171	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0439		Delavirdine	C22H28N6O3S	5625	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0559		Eliglustat	C23H36N2O4	23652731	Major		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0692		Fosamprenavir	C25H36N3O9PS	131536	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0789		Idelalisib	C22H18FN7O	11625818	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0867		Itraconazole	C35H38Cl2N8O4	55283	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0880		Ketoconazole	C26H28Cl2N4O4	456201	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0946		Lonafarnib	C27H31Br2ClN4O2	148195	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1063		Mifepristone	C29H35NO2	55245	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1117		Nefazodone	C25H32ClN5O2	4449	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1169		Oliceridine	C22H30N2O2S	66553195	Major		Inter Info	[8], [7]
D1292		Pimozide	C28H29F2N3O	16362	Major		Inter Info	[9], [1], [10], [11], [12], [7]
D1315		Posaconazole	C37H42F2N8O4	468595	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1415		Ritonavir	C37H48N6O5S2	392622	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1444		Saquinavir	C38H50N6O5	441243	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1541		Telaprevir	C36H53N7O6	3010818	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1574		Thioridazine	C21H26N2S2	5452	Major		Inter Info	[25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [7], [35], [36]
D1660		Tucatinib	C26H24N8O2	51039094	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1706		Voriconazole	C16H14F3N5O	71616	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0799		Indinavir	C36H47N5O4	5362440	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D1119		Nelfinavir	C32H45N3O4S	64143	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4]
D0068		Amitriptyline	C20H23N	2160	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0069		Amlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	2162	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0074		Amphetamine	C9H13N	3007	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0119		Atomoxetine	C17H21NO	54841	Moderate		Inter Info	[40], [39], [41]
D0298		Celecoxib	C17H14F3N3O2S	2662	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0313		Chloramphenicol	C11H12Cl2N2O5	5959	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0324		Chlorpromazine	C17H19ClN2S	2726	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0345		Citalopram	C20H21FN2O	2771	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0356		Clobazam	C16H13ClN2O2	2789	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0367		Clotrimazole	C22H17ClN2	2812	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0370		Clozapine	C18H19ClN4	135398737	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0379		Codeine	C18H21NO3	5284371	Moderate		Inter Info	[52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57], [7], [58], [59], [60], [61], [62], [63]
D0402		Cyclosporine	C62H111N11O12	5284373	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0002		Abametapir (topical)	C12H12N2	15664	Moderate		Inter Info	[76]
D0007		Abiraterone	C24H31NO	132971	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0037		Alimemazine	C18H22N2S	5574	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D0066		Amiodarone	C25H29I2NO3	2157	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0072		Amoxapine	C17H16ClN3O	2170	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0100		Aprepitant	C23H21F7N4O3	135413536	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0105		Aripiprazole	C23H27Cl2N3O2	60795	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0171		Berotralstat	C30H26F4N6O	137528262	Moderate		Inter Info	[106]
D0180		Bicalutamide	C18H14F4N2O4S	2375	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0220		Bupropion	C13H18ClNO	444	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0267		Carvedilol	C24H26N2O4	2585	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0320		Chloroquine	C18H26ClN3	2719	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0337		Cimetidine	C10H16N6S	2756	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0338		Cinacalcet	C22H22F3N	156419	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0341		Ciprofloxacin	C17H18FN3O3	2764	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0361		Clomipramine	C19H23ClN2	2801	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0393		Crizotinib	C21H22Cl2FN5O	11626560	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0409		Dacomitinib	C24H25ClFN5O2	11511120	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0413		Dalfopristin	C34H50N4O9S	6323289	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D0416		Danazol	C22H27NO2	28417	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0426		Darunavir	C27H37N3O7S	213039	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0428		Dasatinib	C22H26ClN7O2S	3062316	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0446		Desipramine	C18H22N2	2995	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0457		Dexfenfluramine	C12H16F3N	66265	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0466		Dextromethorphan	C18H25NO	5360696	Moderate		Inter Info	[1], [10], [108], [109], [39], [110]
D0525		Doxepin	C19H21NO	667477	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0526		Doxepin (topical)	C19H21NO	667477	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D0534		Dronedarone	C31H44N2O5S	208898	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0543		Duvelisib	C22H17ClN6O	50905713	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0577		Entrectinib	C31H34F2N6O2	25141092	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0599		Escitalopram	C20H21FN2O	146570	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0638		Fedratinib	C27H36N6O3S	16722836	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0641		Fenfluramine	C12H16F3N	3337	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0664		Flecainide	C17H20F6N2O3	3356	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0678		Fluphenazine	C22H26F3N3OS	3372	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0696		Fosnetupitant	C31H35F6N4O5P	71544786	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D0699		Fostamatinib	C23H26FN6O9P	11671467	Moderate		Inter Info	[123]
D0724		Givosiran	C78H139N11O30	119058042	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0732		Glycerol phenylbutyrate	C33H38O6	10482134	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0735		Goldenseal	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0749		Halofantrine	C26H30Cl2F3NO	37393	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0750		Haloperidol	C21H23ClFNO2	3559	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0852		Isavuconazonium	C35H35F2N8O5S+	6918606	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0858		Isoniazid	C6H7N3O	3767	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0869		Ivacaftor	C24H28N2O3	16220172	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0896		Larotrectinib	C21H22F2N6O2	46188928	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0899		Lefamulin	C28H45NO5S	25185057	Moderate		Inter Info	[124]
D0906		Letermovir	C29H28F4N4O4	45138674	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0911		Levamlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	9822750	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0952		Lorcaserin	C11H14ClN	11658860	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0960		Lumefantrine	C30H32Cl3NO	6437380	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D0979		Maprotiline	C20H23N	4011	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1010		Mesoridazine	C21H26N2OS2	4078	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1012		Metamfetamine	C10H15N	10836	Moderate		Inter Info	[134], [3], [135]
D1019		Methdilazine	C18H20N2S	14677	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1026		Methotrimeprazine	C19H24N2OS	72287	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1046		Metoclopramide	C14H22ClN3O2	4168	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1057		Miconazole	C18H14Cl4N2O	4189	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1084		Molindone	C16H24N2O2	23897	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1127		Netupitant	C30H32F6N4O	6451149	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [3]
D1136		Nilotinib	C28H22F3N7O	644241	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1158		Nortriptyline	C19H21N	4543	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1189		Osilodrostat	C13H10FN3	44139752	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1194		Oxamniquine	C14H21N3O3	4612	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1221		Panobinostat	C21H23N3O2	6918837	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1229		Paroxetine	C19H20FNO3	43815	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1232		Pazopanib	C21H23N7O2S	10113978	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1293		Pindolol	C14H20N2O2	4828	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1302		Pitolisant	C17H26ClNO	9948102	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [7], [137]
D1339		Primaquine	C15H21N3O	4908	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1352		Promethazine	C17H20N2S	4927	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1353		Propafenone	C21H27NO3	4932	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1355		Propiomazine	C20H24N2OS	4940	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1371		Quinidine	C20H24N2O2	441074	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1413		Risperidone	C23H27FN4O2	5073	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1423		Rolapitant	C25H26F6N2O2	10311306	Moderate		Inter Info	[7]
D1432		Rucaparib	C19H18FN3O	9931954	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1459		Selpercatinib	C29H31N7O3	134436906	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1461		Sertraline	C17H17Cl2N	68617	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1534		Tamsulosin	C20H28N2O5S	129211	Moderate		Inter Info	[140], [141], [142], [7]
D1553		Terbinafine	C21H25N	1549008	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1576		Thiothixene	C23H29N3O2S2	941651	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1637		Trifluoperazine	C21H24F3N3S	5566	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1638		Triflupromazine	C18H19F3N2S	5568	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1690		Verapamil	C27H38N2O4	2520	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1709		Voxelotor	C19H19N3O3	71602803	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1714		Zafirlukast	C31H33N3O6S	5717	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0539		Duloxetine	C18H19NOS	60835	Moderate		Inter Info	[144], [145]
D0597		Erythromycin	C37H67NO13	12560	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0667		Fluconazole	C13H12F2N6O	3365	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0676		Fluoxetine	C17H18F3NO	3386	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0687		Fluvoxamine	C15H21F3N2O2	5324346	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0713		Gefitinib	C22H24ClFN4O3	123631	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0740		Grepafloxacin	C19H22FN3O3	72474	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D0795		Imipramine	C19H24N2	3696	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0957		Loxapine	C18H18ClN3O	3964	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1049		Metoprolol	C15H25NO3	4171	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1054		Mexiletine	C11H17NO	4178	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1061		Midodrine	C12H18N2O4	4195	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1346		Prochlorperazine	C20H24ClN3S	4917	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1351		Promazine	C17H20N2S	4926	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1361		Protriptyline	C19H21N	4976	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1372		Quinine	C20H24N2O2	3034034	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1383		Ranolazine	C24H33N3O4	56959	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1572		Thiethylperazine	C22H29N3S2	5440	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1581		Ticlopidine	C14H14ClNS	5472	Moderate		Inter Info	[3], [39]
D1585		Timolol	C13H24N4O3S	33624	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1586		Timolol (ophthalmic)	C13H24N4O3S	33624	Moderate		Inter Info	[146], [147], [148]
	CYP450 enzyme induction					Drug Num: 48
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0061		Aminoglutethimide	C13H16N2O2	2145	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0224		Butabarbital	C10H16N2O3	2479	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0225		Butalbital	C11H16N2O3	2481	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0071		Amobarbital	C11H18N2O3	2164	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0095		Apalutamide	C21H15F4N5O2S	24872560	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0194		Bosentan	C27H29N5O6S	104865	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0255		Carbamazepine	C15H12N2O	2554	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0300		Cenobamate	C10H10ClN5O2	11962412	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0406		Dabrafenib	C23H20F3N5O2S2	44462760	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [107]
D0432		Deferasirox	C21H15N3O4	214348	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0453		Dexamethasone	C22H29FO5	5743	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0545		Echinacea	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[1], [120]
D0554		Efavirenz	C14H9ClF3NO2	64139	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0555		Elagolix	C32H30F5N3O5	11250647	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0578		Enzalutamide	C21H16F4N4O2S	15951529	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0601		Eslicarbazepine	C15H14N2O2	9881504	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0628		Etravirine	C20H15BrN6O	193962	Moderate		Inter Info	[122]
D0639		Felbamate	C11H14N2O4	3331	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0697		Fosphenytoin	C16H15N2O6P	56339	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0872		Ivosidenib	C28H22ClF3N6O3	71657455	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0901		Lemborexant	C22H20F2N4O2	56944144	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
D0953		Lorlatinib	C21H19FN6O2	71731823	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1040		Methylphenobarbital	C13H14N2O3	8271	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
D1078		Mitotane	C14H10Cl4	4211	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1099		Nafcillin	C21H22N2O5S	8982	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1198		Oxcarbazepine	C15H12N2O2	34312	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1258		Pexidartinib	C20H15ClF3N5	25151352	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1265		Phenobarbital	C12H12N2O3	4763	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1274		Phenylbutazone	C19H20N2O2	4781	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1340		Primidone	C12H14N2O2	4909	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1399		Rifabutin	C46H62N4O11	135398743	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1400		Rifampicin	C43H58N4O12	135398735	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
D1401		Rifapentine	C47H64N4O12	135403821	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1493		Somapacitan	C54H95N13O20S2	129894493	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
D1495		Somatrem	C43H72N14O14	5487805	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1502		St. John's Wort	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1518		Sulfinpyrazone	C23H20N2O3S	5342	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1538		Tazemetostat	C34H44N4O4	66558664	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1546		Telotristat ethyl	C27H26ClF3N6O3	25181577	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [143]
D0741		Griseofulvin	C17H17ClO6	441140	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1128		Nevirapine	C15H14N4O	4463	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1248		Pentobarbital	C11H18N2O3	4737	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1283		Phenytoin	C15H12N2O2	1775	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1453		Secobarbital	C12H18N2O3	5193	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D1494		Somatotropin	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [3], [126]
D1652		Troglitazone	C24H27NO5S	5591	Moderate		Inter Info	[3]
D0106		Armodafinil	C15H15NO2S	9690109	Minor		Inter Info	[154], [155], [156], [157], [158]
D1081		Modafinil	C15H15NO2S	4236	Minor		Inter Info	[154], [155], [156], [157], [158]
Pharmacodynamic additive effects
	Additive anticholinergic effects					Drug Num: 57
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0160		Benzatropine	C21H25NO	1201549	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44]
D0196		Botulinum toxin type A	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [46], [47]
D0197		Botulinum Toxin Type B	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [46], [47]
D0403		Cyproheptadine	C21H21N	2913	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0019		Aclidinium	C26H30NO4S2+	11434515	Moderate		Inter Info	[77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84]
D0020		Acrivastine	C22H24N2O2	5284514	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0051		Amantadine	C10H17N	2130	Moderate		Inter Info	[103], [104]
D0112		Asenapine	C17H16ClNO	3036780	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0123		Atropine	C17H23NO3	174174	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0135		Azatadine	C20H22N2	19861	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0154		Belladonna	C34H42N2O4	265028	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0183		Biperiden	C21H29NO	2381	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0214		Brompheniramine	C16H19BrN2	6834	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0259		Carbinoxamine	C16H19ClN2O	2564	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0316		Chlorcyclizine	C18H21ClN2	2710	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0323		Chlorpheniramine	C16H19ClN2	2725	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0353		Clidinium	C22H26NO3+	2784	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0397		Cyclizine	C18H22N2	6726	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0398		Cyclobenzaprine	C20H21N	2895	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0482		Dicyclomine	C19H35NO2	3042	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0498		Dimenhydrinate	C24H28ClN5O3	10660	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0502		Diphenhydramine	C17H21NO	3100	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0655		Fesoterodine	C26H37NO3	6918558	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0662		Flavoxate	C24H25NO4	3354	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0733		Glycopyrronium	C19H28NO3+	3494	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44]
D0734		Glycopyrronium (topical)	C19H28NO3+	3494	Moderate		Inter Info	[78], [80], [81]
D0781		Hydroxyzine	C21H27ClN2O2	3658	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0791		Iloperidone	C24H27FN2O4	71360	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0959		Lumateperone	C24H28FN3O	21302490	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0961		Lurasidone	C28H36N4O2S	213046	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0987		Meclizine	C25H27ClN2	4034	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0998		Memantine	C12H21N	4054	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1000		Mepenzolate	C21H26NO3+	4057	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1006		Mepyramine	C17H23N3O	4992	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44]
D1031		Methscopolamine	C18H24NO4+	71183	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1202		Oxybutynin	C22H31NO3	4634	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1215		Paliperidone	C23H27FN4O3	115237	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1282		Phenyltoloxamine	C17H21NO	7077	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44]
D1354		Propantheline	C23H30NO3+	4934	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1368		Quetiapine	C21H25N3O2S	5002	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1396		Revefenacin	C35H43N5O4	11753673	Moderate		Inter Info	[77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84]
D1450		Scopolamine	C17H21NO4	3000322	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1491		Solifenacin	C23H26N2O2	154059	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1590		Tiotropium	C19H22NO4S2+	5487427	Moderate		Inter Info	[77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84]
D1607		Tolterodine	C22H31NO	443879	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1665		Umeclidinium	C29H34NO2+	11519070	Moderate		Inter Info	[77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84]
D0456		Dexbrompheniramine	C16H19BrN2	16960	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0508		Disopyramide	C21H29N3O	3114	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0532		Doxylamine	C17H22N2O	3162	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0782		Hyoscyamine	C17H23NO3	154417	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0842		Ipratropium	C20H30NO3+	657309	Moderate		Inter Info	[77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84]
D1347		Procyclidine	C19H29NO	4919	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1641		Trihexyphenidyl	C20H31NO	5572	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1650		Triprolidine	C19H22N2	5282443	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1656		Trospium	C25H30NO3+	5284632	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D1726		Ziprasidone	C21H21ClN4OS	60854	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65], [66], [67], [68], [42], [69], [43], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [44], [75]
D0843		Ipratropium (nasal)	C20H30NO3+	657309	Minor		Inter Info	[134], [167], [135]
	Additive antimotility effects					Drug Num: 1
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0947		Loperamide	C29H33ClN2O2	3955	Moderate		Inter Info	[133]
	Additive CNS depression effects					Drug Num: 25
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1730		Zonisamide	C8H8N2O3S	5734	Major		Inter Info	[37]
D1609		Topiramate	C12H21NO8S	5284627	Major		Inter Info	[38]
D0035		Alfentanil	C21H32N6O3	51263	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0161		Benzhydrocodone	C25H25NO4	49836084	Moderate		Inter Info	[86], [85], [87]
D0219		Buprenorphine	C29H41NO4	644073	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0226		Butorphanol	C21H29NO2	5361092	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0467		Dextropropoxyphene	C22H29NO2	10100	Moderate		Inter Info	[87], [85], [86]
D0470		Dezocine	C16H23NO	3033053	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0493		Dihydrocodeine	C18H23NO3	5284543	Moderate		Inter Info	[87], [85], [86]
D0646		Fentanyl	C22H28N2O	3345	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0772		Hydrocodone	C18H21NO3	5284569	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0909		Levacetylmethadol	C23H31NO2	15130	Moderate		Inter Info	[87], [85], [86]
D0923		Levorphanol	C17H23NO	5359272	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1100		Nalbuphine	C21H27NO4	5311304	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1183		Opium	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1203		Oxycodone	C18H21NO4	5284603	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1208		Oxymorphone	C17H19NO4	5284604	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1247		Pentazocine	C19H27NO	441278	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1512		Sufentanil	C22H30N2O2S	41693	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1535		Tapentadol	C14H23NO	9838022	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D0776		Hydromorphone	C17H19NO3	5284570	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1017		Methadone	C21H27NO	4095	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1089		Morphine	C17H19NO3	5288826	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
D1090		Morphine (liposomal)	C17H19NO3	5288826	Moderate		Inter Info	[87], [85], [86]
D1616		Tramadol	C16H25NO2	33741	Moderate		Inter Info	[85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98], [99], [100], [101], [102], [10]
	Increased risk of GI mucosal injury/bleeding risk					Drug Num: 2
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1318		Potassium chloride	ClK	4873	Major		Inter Info	[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]
D1319		Potassium citrate	C6H5K3O7	13344	Major		Inter Info	[13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [24], [22], [23]
	Increased risk of other adverse reactions (Unspecific)					Drug Num: 2
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0562		Eluxadoline	C32H35N5O5	11250029	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [121]
D1074		Mirabegron	C21H24N4O2S	9865528	Moderate		Inter Info	[136]
Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects
	Antagonize the effect of cholinergic agents					Drug Num: 21
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0256		Carbamoylcholine (ophthalmic)	C6H15N2O2+	2551	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D0308		Cevimeline	C10H17NOS	83898	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51]
D0015		Acetylcholine	C7H16NO2+	187	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D0052		Ambenonium	C28H42Cl2N4O2+2	2131	Moderate		Inter Info	[105]
D0175		Bethanechol	C7H17N2O2+	2370	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51]
D0440		Demecarium (ophthalmic)	C32H52N4O4+2	5966	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D0516		Donepezil	C24H29NO3	3152	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119]
D0546		Echothiophate (ophthalmic)	C9H23NO3PS+	10548	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D0552		Edrophonium	C10H16NO+	3202	Moderate		Inter Info	[105]
D0707		Galantamine	C17H21NO3	9651	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119]
D0746		Guanidine	CH5N3	3520	Moderate		Inter Info	[105]
D0856		Isoflurophate (ophthalmic)	C6H14FO3P	5936	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D1122		Neostigmine	C12H19N2O2+	4456	Moderate		Inter Info	[105]
D1285		Physostigmine	C15H21N3O2	5983	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119]
D1286		Physostigmine (ophthalmic)	C15H21N3O2	5983	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D1288		Pilocarpine	C11H16N2O2	5910	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51]
D1289		Pilocarpine (ophthalmic)	C11H16N2O2	5910	Moderate		Inter Info	[48], [49]
D1362		Prucalopride	C18H26ClN3O3	3052762	Moderate		Inter Info	[11], [139]
D1365		Pyridostigmine	C9H13N2O2+	4991	Moderate		Inter Info	[105]
D1418		Rivastigmine	C14H22N2O2	77991	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119]
D1525		Tacrine	C13H14N2	1935	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119]

References
1	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
2	Niwa T, Shiraga T, Takagi A "Effect of antifungal drugs on cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4 activities in human liver microsomes." Biol Pharm Bull 28 (2005): 1805-8. [PMID: 16141567]
3	Product Information. Enablex (darifenacin). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
4	Product Information. Sporanox (itraconazole). Janssen Pharmaceutica, Titusville, NJ.
5	Product Information. Rexulti (brexpiprazole). Otsuka American Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
6	Product Information. Cerdelga (eliglustat). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
7	Product Information. Varubi (rolapitant). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
8	Product Information. Olinvyk (oliceridine). Trevena Inc, Chesterbrook, PA.
9	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
10	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
11	EMEA. European Medicines Agency "EPARs. European Union Public Assessment Reports.".
12	Product Information. Orap Tablets (pimozide). Gate Pharmaceuticals, Sellersville, PA.
13	Farquharson-Roberts MA, Giddings AE, Nunn AJ "Perforation of small bowel due to slow release potassium chloride (slow-K)." Br Med J 3 (1975): 206. [PMID: 1148734]
14	Heffernan SJ, Murphy JJ "Ulceration of small intestine and slow-release potassium tablets." Br Med J 2 (1975): 746. [PMID: 1139204]
15	Lambert JR, Newman A "Ulceration and stricture of the esophagus due to oral potassium chloride (slow release tablet) therapy." Am J Gastroenterol 73 (1980): 508-11. [PMID: 7424872]
16	Leijonmarck CE, Raf L "Gastrointestinal lesions and potassium chloride supplements." Lancet 1 (1985): 56-7. [PMID: 2856988]
17	Leijonmarck CE, Raf L "Ulceration of the small intestine due to slow-release potassium chloride tablets." Acta Chir Scand 151 (1985): 273-8. [PMID: 4013604]
18	Lofgren RP, Rothe PR, Carlson GJ "Jejunal perforation associated with slow-release potassium chloride therapy." South Med J 75 (1982): 1154-5. [PMID: 7123349]
19	McMahon FG, Ryan JR, Akdamar K, Ertan A "Effect of potassium chloride supplements on upper gastrointestinal mucosa." Clin Pharmacol Ther 35 (1984): 852-5. [PMID: 6734038]
20	McMahon FG, Ryan JR, Akdamar K, Ertan A "Upper gastrointestinal lesions after potassium chloride supplements: a controlled clinical trial." Lancet 2 (1982): 1059-61. [PMID: 6127542]
21	Product Information. K-Dur (potassium chloride). Schering Laboratories, Kenilworth, NJ.
22	Weiss SM, Rutenberg HL, Paskin DL, Zaren HA "Gut lesions due to slow-release KCI tablets." N Engl J Med 296 (1977): 111-2. [PMID: 830293]
23	Wynn V "Potassium chloride and bowel ulceration." Br Med J 5477 (1965): 1546. [PMID: 5850476]
24	Product Information. Urocit (potassium citrate). Mission Pharmacal Company, San Antonio, TX.
25	Abernethy DR, Greenblatt DJ, Steel K, Shader RI "Impairment of hepatic drug oxidation by propoxyphene." Ann Intern Med 97 (1982): 223-4. [PMID: 7103282]
26	Carrillo JA, Ramos SI, Herraiz AG, Llerena A, Agundez JAG, Berecz R, Duran M, Benitez J "Pharmacokinetic interaction of fluvoxamine and thioridazine in schizophrenic patients." J Clin Psychopharmacol 19 (1999): 494-9. [PMID: 10587283]
27	Fletcher GF, Kazamias TM "Cardiotoxic effects of Mellaril: conduction disturbances and supraventricular arrhythmias." Am Heart J 78 (1969): 135-8. [PMID: 5794785]
28	Glassman AH, Bigger JT Jr "Antipsychotic drugs: prolonged QTc interval, torsade de pointes, and sudden death." Am J Psychiatry 158 (2001): 1774-82. [PMID: 11691681]
29	Greendyke RM, Gulya A "Effect of pindolol administration on serum levels of thioridazine, haloperidol, phenytoin, and phenobarbital." J Clin Psychiatry 49 (1988): 105-7. [PMID: 3346197]
30	Greendyke RM, Kanter DR "Plasma propranolol levels and their effect on plasma thioridazine and haloperidol concentrations." J Clin Psychopharmacol 7 (1987): 178-82. [PMID: 3597804]
31	Hartigan-Go K, Bateman DN, Nyberg G, Martensson E, Thomas SHL "Concentration-related pharmacodynamic effects of thioridazine and its metabolites in humans." Clin Pharmacol Ther 60 (1996): 543-53. [PMID: 8941027]
32	Markowitz JS, Wells BG, Carson WH "Interactions between antipsychotic and antihypertensive drugs." Ann Pharmacother 29 (1995): 603-9. [PMID: 7663034]
33	Product Information. Mellaril (thioridazine). Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ.
34	Product Information. Prozac (fluoxetine). Dista Products Company, Indianapolis, IN.
35	Silver JM, Yudofsky SC, Kogan M, Katz BL "Elevation of thioridazine plasma levels by propranolol." Am J Psychiatry 143 (1986): 1290-2. [PMID: 3766793]
36	Thomas M, Maconochie JG, Fletcher E "The dilemma of the prolonged QT interval in early drug studies." Br J Clin Pharmacol 41 (1996): 77-81. [PMID: 8838432]
37	Product Information. Zonegran (zonisamide) Elan Pharmaceuticals, S. San Francisco, CA.
38	Product Information. Topamax (topiramate). Ortho Pharmaceutical Corporation, Raritan, NJ.
39	Product Information. Qelbree (viloxazine). Supernus Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
40	Belle DJ, Ernest CS, Sauer JM, Smith BP, Thomasson HR, Witcher JW "Effect of potent CYP2D6 inhibition by paroxetine on atomoxetine pharmacokinetics." J Clin Pharmacol 42 (2002): 1219-27. [PMID: 12412820]
41	Product Information. Strattera (atomoxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
42	Kulik AV, Wilbur R "Delirium and stereotypy from anticholinergic antiparkinson drugs." Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 6 (1982): 75-82. [PMID: 7202232]
43	Mann SC, Boger WP "Psychotropic drugs, summer heat and humidity, and hyperplexia: a danger restated." Am J Psychiatry 135 (1978): 1097-100. [PMID: 29501]
44	Warnes H, Lehmann HE, Ban TA "Adynamic ileus during psychoactive medication: a report of three fatal and five severe cases." Can Med Assoc J 96 (1967): 1112-3. [PMID: 6021058]
45	Product Information. Botox (onabotulinumtoxin A). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
46	Product Information. Myobloc (botulinum toxin type B) Elan Pharmaceuticals, S. San Francisco, CA.
47	Product Information. Xeomin (botulinum toxin type A (obsolete) (botulinum toxin type A)). Merz Pharmaceuticals, Greensboro, NC.
48	Multum Information Services, Inc. Expert Review Panel.
49	Product Information. Pilopine HS (pilocarpine ophthalmic). Alcon Laboratories Inc, Fort Worth, TX.
50	Benjamin KW "Toxicity of ocular medications." Int Ophthalmol Clin 19 (1979): 199-255. [PMID: 376469]
51	Product Information. Salagen Tablets (pilocarpine). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
52	Caraco Y, Sheller J, Wood AJJ "Impact of ethnic origin and quinidine coadministration on codeine's disposition and pharmacodynamic effects." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 290 (1999): 413-22. [PMID: 10381807]
53	Caraco Y, Sheller J, Wood JJ "Pharmacogenetic determination of the effects of codeine and prediction of drug interactions." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 278 (1996): 1165-74. [PMID: 8819499]
54	Desmeules J, Dayer P, Gascon MP, Magistris M "Impact of genetic and environmental factors on codeine analgesia." Clin Pharmacol Ther 45 (1989): 122. [PMID: 1782973]
55	Desmeules J, Gascon MP, Dayer P, Magistris M "Impact of environmental and genetic factors on codeine analgesia." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 41 (1991): 23-6. [PMID: 1782973]
56	Hersh EV, Moore PA "Drug interactions in dentistry: the importance of knowing your CYPs." J Am Dent Assoc 135 (2004): 298-311. [PMID: 15058617]
57	Poulsen L, Brosen K, Srendt-Nielsen L, Gram LF, Elbaek K, Sindrup SH "Codeine and morphine in extensive and poor metabolizers of sparteine: pharmacokinetics, analgesic effect and side effects." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 51 (1996): 289-95. [PMID: 9010701]
58	Sindrup SH, Arendt-Nielsen L, Brosen K, et al "The effect of quinidine on the analgesic effect of codeine." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 42 (1992): 587-92. [PMID: 1623898]
59	Sindrup SH, Brosen K, Bjerring P, et al. "Codeine increases pain threshold to copper vapor laser stimuli in extensive but not poor metabolizers of sparteine." Clin Pharmacol Ther 49 (1991): 686-93. [PMID: 2249379]
60	Sindrup SH, Hofmann U, Asmussen J, Mikus G, Brosen K, Nielsen F, Ingwersen SH, Broen Christensen C "Impact of quinidine on plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of codeine and morphine after codeine intake." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 49 (1996): 503-9. [PMID: 8706777]
61	Thorn CF, Klein TE, Altman RB "Codeine and morphine pathway." Pharmacogenet Genomics 19 (2009): 556-8. [PMID: 19512957]
62	Vevelstad M, Pettersen S, Tallaksen C, Brors O "O-demethylation of codeine to morphine inhibited by low-dose levomepromazine." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 65 (2009): 795-801. [PMID: 19308365]
63	Zhou SF "Polymorphism of human cytochrome P450 2D6 and its clinical significance: part II." Clin Pharmacokinet 48 (2009): 761-804. [PMID: 19902987]
64	Cohen MA, Alfonso CA, Mosquera M. Development of urinary retention during treatment with clozapine and meclizine [published correction appears in Am J Psychiatry 1994 Jun;151(6):952]. Am J Psychiatry. 1994;151(4):619-620. [PMID: 8147469]
65	Forester D "Fatal drug-induced heat stroke." JACEP 7 (1978): 243-4. [PMID: 661049]
66	Gershon S, Neubauer H, Sundland DM "Interaction between some anticholinergic agents and phenothiazines." Clin Pharmacol Ther 6 (1965): 749-56. [PMID: 4378954]
67	Hvizdos AJ, Bennett JA, Wells BG, Rappaport KB, Mendel SA "Anticholinergic psychosis in a patient receiving usual doses of haloperidol." Clin Pharm 2 (1983): 174-8. [PMID: 6883947]
68	Johnson AL, Hollister LE, Berger PA "The anticholinergic intoxication syndrome: diagnosis and treatment." J Clin Psychiatry 42 (1981): 313-7. [PMID: 7251568]
69	Lee BS "Possibility of hyperpyrexia with antipsychotic and anticholinergic drugs." J Clin Psychiatry 47 (1986): 571. [PMID: 3771507]
70	Moreau A, Jones BD, Banno V "Chronic central anticholinergic toxicity in manic depressive illness mimicking dementia." Can J Psychiatry 31 (1986): 339-41. [PMID: 3708528]
71	Product Information. Artane (trihexyphenidyl). Lederle Laboratories, Wayne, NJ.
72	Product Information. Cogentin (benztropine). Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA.
73	Sarnquist F, Larson CP Jr "Drug-induced heat stroke." Anesthesiology 39 (1973): 348-50. [PMID: 4728582]
74	Stadnyk AN, Glezos JD "Drug-induced heat stroke." Can Med Assoc J 128 (1983): 957-9. [PMID: 6831343]
75	Zelman S, Guillan R "Heat stroke in phenothiazine-treated patients: a report of three fatalities." Am J Psychiatry 126 (1970): 1787-90. [PMID: 5441734]
76	Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
77	Cole JM, Sheehan AH, Jordan JK "Concomitant use of ipratropium and tiotropium in chronic obstructive plmonary disease." Ann Pharmacother 46 (2012): 1717-21. [PMID: 23170031]
78	Product Information. Anoro Ellipta (umeclidinium-vilanterol). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
79	Product Information. Atrovent (ipratropium). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
80	Product Information. Combivent (albuterol-ipratropium). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
81	Product Information. Qbrexza (glycopyrrolate topical). Dermira, Inc., Menlo Park, CA.
82	Product Information. Spiriva (tiotropium). Boehringer Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
83	Product Information. Tudorza Pressair (aclidinium). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
84	Product Information. Yupelri (revefenacin). Mylan Specialty, Morgantown, WV.
85	Product Information. Apadaz (acetaminophen-benzhydrocodone). KemPharm, Inc, Coralville, IA.
86	Product Information. Lortab (acetaminophen-hydrocodone). Akorn Inc, Buffalo Grove, IL.
87	Product Information. Exalgo (hydromorphone). Covidien, Mansfield, MA.
88	Product Information. Kadian (morphine). Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
89	Product Information. Naloxone HCl-Pentazocine HCl (naloxone-pentazocine). Actavis U.S. (Amide Pharmaceutical Inc), Little Falls, NJ.
90	Product Information. DepoDur (morphine liposomal). Endo Laboratories LLC, Chadds Ford, PA.
91	Product Information. Nucynta (tapentadol). PriCara Pharmaceuticals, Raritan, NJ.
92	Product Information. OxyContin (oxycodone). Purdue Frederick Company, Norwalk, CT.
93	Product Information. Tylenol with Codeine (acetaminophen-codeine). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Raritan, NJ.
94	Product Information. Opana (oxymorphone). Endo Laboratories LLC, Chadds Ford, PA.
95	Product Information. Demerol (meperidine). Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
96	Product Information. Levorphanol Tartrate (levorphanol). Sentynl Therapeutics, Solana Beach, CA.
97	Product Information. Belbuca (buprenorphine). Endo Pharmaceuticals Solutions Inc, Malvern, PA.
98	Product Information. SUFentanil Citrate (SUFentanil). Akorn Inc, Buffalo Grove, IL.
99	Product Information. Ultram (tramadol). McNeil Pharmaceutical, Raritan, NJ.
100	Product Information. Duragesic Transdermal System (fentanyl). Janssen Pharmaceutica, Titusville, NJ.
101	Product Information. Dolophine (methadone). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
102	Product Information. Alfentanil Hydrochloride (alfentanil). Akorn Inc, Buffalo Grove, IL.
103	Postma JU, van Tilburg W "Visual hallucinations and delirium during treatment with amantadine (Symmetrel)." J Am Geriatr Soc 23 (1975): 212-5. [PMID: 123540]
104	Product Information. Symmetrel (amantadine). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
105	Product Information. Mestinon (pyridostigmine). ICN Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cost Mesa, CA.
106	Product Information. Orladeyo (berotralstat). BioCryst Pharmaceuticals Inc, Durham, NC.
107	Product Information. Tafinlar (dabrafenib). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
108	Funck-Brentano C, Jacqz-Aigrain E, Leenhardt A, Roux A, Poirier JM, Jaillon P "Influence of amiodarone on genetically determined drug metabolism in humans." Clin Pharmacol Ther 50 (1991): 259-66. [PMID: 1914360]
109	Product Information. Farydak (panobinostat). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
110	Product Information. Zytiga (abiraterone). Centocor Inc, Malvern, PA.
111	Beers MH, Ouslander JG, Rollingher I, Reuben DB, Brooks J, Beck JC "Explicit criteria for determining inappropriate medication use in nursing home residents." Arch Intern Med 151 (1991): 1825-32. [PMID: 1888249]
112	Carnahan RM, Lund BC, Perry PJ, Chrischilles EA "The concurrent use of anticholinergics and cholinesterase inhibitors: rare event or common practice?" J Am Geriatr Soc 52 (2004): 2082-7. [PMID: 15571547]
113	Edwards KR, O'Connor JT "Risk of delirium with concomitant use of tolterodine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors." J Am Geriatr Soc 50 (2002): 1165-6. [PMID: 12110086]
114	Fick DM, Cooper JW, Wade WE, Waller JL, Maclean JR, Beers MH "Updating the Beers criteria for potentially inappropriate medication use in older adults: results of a US consensus panel of experts." Arch Intern Med 163 (2003): 2716-2724. [PMID: 14662625]
115	Katz IR, Sands LP, Bilker W, DiFilippo S, Boyce A, D'Angelo K "Identification of medications that cause cognitive impairment in older people: the case of oxybutynin chloride." J Am Geriatr Soc 46 (1998): 8-13. [PMID: 9434659]
116	Product Information. Aricept (donepezil). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
117	Product Information. Cognex (tacrine). Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
118	Product Information. Reminyl (galantamine) Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
119	Roe CM, Anderson MJ, Spivack B "Use of anticholinergic medications by older adults with dementia." J Am Geriatr Soc 50 (2002): 836-42. [PMID: 12028169]
120	Gorski JC, Huang SM, Pinto A, et al. "The effect of echinacea (Echinacea purpurea root) on cytochrome P450 activity in vivo." Clin Pharmacol Ther 75 (2004): 89-100. [PMID: 14749695]
121	Product Information. Viberzi (eluxadoline). Actavis Pharma, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
122	Product Information. Intelence (etravirine). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
123	Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
124	Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
125	Jerntorp P, Almer LO "Chlorpropamide-alcohol flushing in relation to macroangiopathy and peripheral neuropathy in non-insulin dependent diabetes." Acta Med Scand 656 (1981): 33-6. [PMID: 6953748]
126	Skillman TG, Feldman JM "The pharmacology of sulfonylureas." Am J Med 70 (1981): 361-72. [PMID: 6781341]
127	Algeri S, Cerletti C, Curcio M, et al. "Effect of anticholinergic drugs on gastro-intestinal absorption of L-dopa in rats and man." Eur J Pharmacol 35 (1976): 293-9. [PMID: 1248506]
128	Bergmann S, Curzon G, Friedel J, et al "The absorption and metabolism of a standard oral dose of levodopa in patients with parkinsonism." Br J Clin Pharmacol 1 (1974): 417-24. [PMID: 22454921]
129	Birket-Smith E "Abnormal involuntary movements induced by anticholinergic therapy." Acta Neurol Scand 50 (1974): 801-11. [PMID: 4155220]
130	Fermaglich J, O'Dougherty DS "Effect of gastric motility on levodopa." Dis Nerv Syst 33 (1972): 624-5. [PMID: 4649158]
131	Hughes R, Polgar JG, Weightman D, Walton JN "Levodopa in Parkinsonism: the effects of withdrawal of anticholinergic drugs." Br Med J 2 (1971): 487-91. [PMID: 5579489]
132	Rivera-Calimlim L, Dujovne CA, Morgan JP, Lasagna L, Bianchine JR "Absorption and metabolism of L-dopa by the human stomach." Eur J Clin Invest 1 (1971): 313-20. [PMID: 5558777]
133	Eronen M, Putkonen H, Hallikainen T, Vartiainen H "Lethal gastroenteritis associated with clozapine and loperamide." Am J Psychiatry 160 (2003): 2242-2243. [PMID: 14638602]
134	Gilman AG, Rall TW, Nies AS, Taylor P, eds. "Goodman and Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 8th ed." New York, NY: Pergamon Press Inc. (1990):.
135	Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
136	Product Information. Myrbetriq (mirabegron). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
137	Product Information. Wakix (pitolisant). Harmony Biosciences, LLC, Plymouth Meeting, PA.
138	Product Information. Symlin (pramlintide). Amphastar Pharmaceuticals Inc, South El Monte, CA.
139	Product Information. Resotran (prucalopride). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
140	Franco-Salinas G, de la Rosette JJ, Michel MC "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tamsulosin in its modified-release and oral controlled absorption system formulations." Clin Pharmacokinet 49 (2010): 177-88. [PMID: 20170206]
141	Kamimura H, Oishi S, Matsushima H, et al. "Identification of cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in metabolism of the alpha1-adrenoceptor blocker tamsulosin in human liver microsomes." Xenobiotica 28 (1998): 909-22. [PMID: 9849639]
142	Product Information. Flomax (tamsulosin). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
143	Product Information. Xermelo (telotristat ethyl). Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, TX.
144	Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
145	Skinner MH, Kuan HY, Pan A, et al. "Duloxetine is both an inhibitor and a substrate of cytochrome P4502D6 in healthy volunteers." Clin Pharmacol Ther 73 (2003): 170-7. [PMID: 12621382]
146	Edeki TI, He HB, Wood AJJ "Pharmacogenetic explanation for excessive beta-blockade following timolol eye drops: potential for oral-ophthalmic drug interaction." JAMA 274 (1995): 1611-3. [PMID: 7474246]
147	Fraunfelder FT, Fraunfelder FW Randall JA "Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects 5th" Boston, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann (2001):.
148	Lewis RV, Lennard MS, Jackson PR, Tucker GT, Ramsay LE, Woods HF "Timolol and atenolol: relationships between oxidation phenotype, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics." Br J Clin Pharmacol 19 (1985): 329-33. [PMID: 2859048]
149	Clark JM, Seager SJ "Gastric emptying following premedication with glycopyrrolate or atropine." Br J Anaesth 55 (1983): 1195-9. [PMID: 6652009]
150	Nimmo J, Heading RC, Tothill P, Prescott LF "Pharmacological modification of gastric emptying: effects of propantheline and metoclopramide on paracetamol absorption." Br Med J 1 (1973): 587-9. [PMID: 4694406]
151	Product Information. Transderm Scop (scopolamine). Ciba Self-Medication Inc, Woodbridge, NJ.
152	Beermann B, Groschinsky-Grind M "Enhancement of the gastrointestinal absorption of hydrochlorothiazide by propantheline." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 13 (1978): 385-7. [PMID: 668798]
153	Shukla UA, Pittman KA, Barbhaiya RH. Pharmacokinetic interactions of cefprozil with food, propantheline, metoclopramide, and probenecid in healthy volunteers.?J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;32(8):725-731. [PMID: 1487562]
154	Doherty MM, Charman WN "The mucosa of the small intestine: how clinically relevant as an organ of drug metabolism?" Clin Pharmacokinet 41 (2002): 235-53. [PMID: 11978143]
155	Product Information. Nuvigil (armodafinil). Cephalon Inc, West Chester, PA.
156	Product Information. Provigil (modafinil). Cephalon, Inc, West Chester, PA.
157	Robertson P Jr, Hellriegel ET, Arora S, Nelson M "Effect of modafinil on the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol and triazolam in healthy volunteers." Clin Pharmacol Ther 71 (2002): 46-56. [PMID: 11823757]
158	Robertson P, Decory HH, Madan A, Parkinson A "In vitro inhibition and induction of human hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by modafinil." Drug Metab Dispos 28 (2000): 664-71. [PMID: 10820139]
159	Jaffe JM "Effect of propantheline on nitrofurantoin absorption." J Pharm Sci 64 (1975): 1729-30. [PMID: 1185550]
160	Mannisto P "The effect of crystal size, gastric content and emptying rate on the absorption of nitrofurantoin in healthy human volunteers." Int J Clin Pharmacol Biopharm 16 (1978): 223-8. [PMID: 649241]
161	Product Information. Nitrostat (nitroglycerin). Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
162	Binnion PF, McDermott M, LeSher D "Bioavailability of digoxin." Lancet 1 (1973): 1118. [PMID: 4122032]
163	Brown DD, Schmid J, Long RA, Hull JH "A steady-state evaluation of the effects of propantheline bromide and cholestyramine on the bioavailability of digoxin when administered as tablets or capsules." J Clin Pharmacol 25 (1985): 360-4. [PMID: 4031112]
164	Johnson BF, O'Grady J, Bye C "The influence of digoxin particle size on absorption of digoxin and the effect of propantheline and metoclopramide." Br J Clin Pharmacol 5 (1978): 465-7. [PMID: 656287]
165	Manninen V, Apajalahti A, Simonen H, Reissell P "Effect of propantheline and metoclopramide on absorption of digoxin." Lancet 1 (1973): 1118-9. [PMID: 4122033]
166	Product Information. Lanoxicaps (digoxin). Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
167	Product Information. Atrovent nasal spray (ipratropium nasal). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.

Details of Drug

Details of Drug

Cite MecDDI

About MecDDI

Correspondence