Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D1433)
Drug Name	Rufinamide
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	106308-44-5; Inovelon; Banzel; 1-(2,6-Difluorobenzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamide; CGP-33101; Cgp 33101; Xilep; 1-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4-carboxamide; RUF-331; UNII-WFW942PR79; RUF 331; 1-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]triazole-4-carboxamide; WFW942PR79; C10H8F2N4O; E 2080; POGQSBRIGCQNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N; 1H-1,2,3-Triazole-4-carboxamide, 1-[(2,6-difluorophenyl)methyl]-; NCGC00165883-02; E2080; DSSTox_CID_26506; DSSTox_RID_81675; DSSTox_GSID_46506; Banzel; Banzel, Rufinamide; E-2080; SYN-111; Rufinamide (USAN/INN); Inovelon/Banzel Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	8A61-8A6Z: Epilepsy/seizure; 8A62: Epileptic encephalopathy
Therapeutic Class	Anticonvulsants
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C10H8F2N4O
InChI	1S/C10H8F2N4O/c11-7-2-1-3-8(12)6(7)4-16-5-9(10(13)17)14-15-16/h1-3,5H,4H2,(H2,13,17)
InChIKey	POGQSBRIGCQNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	C1=CC(=C(C(=C1)F)CN2C=C(N=N2)C(=O)N)F
External Link
	Pubchem ID	129228
	CAS Number	106308-44-5
	CHEBI ID	134966
	TTD ID	D0MD2L
	INTEDE ID	DR1450

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM004 Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism AM006 Pharmacodynamic additive effects AM007 Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects BM017 CYP450 enzyme inhibition BM022 CYP450 enzyme induction BM038 Additive CNS depression effects BM087 Antagonize the effect of antiepileptic agents BM089 Antagonize the effect of antihypertensive agents
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Rufinamide
Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism
	CYP450 enzyme induction					Drug Num: 208
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0959		Lumateperone	C24H28FN3O	21302490	Major		Inter Info	[22]
D0028		Albendazole	C12H15N3O2S	2082	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0035		Alfentanil	C21H32N6O3	51263	Moderate		Inter Info	[27], [28], [29], [30]
D0041		Almotriptan	C17H25N3O2S	123606	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0045		Alprazolam	C17H13ClN4	2118	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0066		Amiodarone	C25H29I2NO3	2157	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0069		Amlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	2162	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0099		Apremilast	C22H24N2O7S	11561674	Moderate		Inter Info	[38]
D0120		Atorvastatin	C33H35FN2O5	60823	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0172		Betamethasone	C22H29FO5	9782	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0194		Bosentan	C27H29N5O6S	104865	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0212		Bromocriptine	C32H40BrN5O5	31101	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0220		Bupropion	C13H18ClNO	444	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0222		Buspirone	C21H31N5O2	2477	Moderate		Inter Info	[39], [40], [41]
D0223		Busulfan	C6H14O6S2	2478	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0226		Butorphanol	C21H29NO2	5361092	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D0228		Cabergoline	C26H37N5O2	54746	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0233		Calcifediol	C27H44O2	5283731	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D0234		Calcitriol	C27H44O3	5280453	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D0262		Cariprazine	C21H32Cl2N4O	11154555	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [63]
D0268		Caspofungin	C52H88N10O15	2826718	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0303		Cerivastatin	C26H34FNO5	446156	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0317		Chlordiazepoxide	C16H14ClN3O	2712	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0356		Clobazam	C16H13ClN2O2	2789	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0365		Clorazepic acid	C16H11ClN2O3	2809	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26], [88]
D0387		Conjugated estrogens	C18H21NaO5S	45357473	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0400		Cyclophosphamide	C7H15Cl2N2O2P	2907	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0402		Cyclosporine	C62H111N11O12	5284373	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0419		Dapsone	C12H12N2O2S	2955	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0450		Desogestrel	C22H30O	40973	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [89], [90]
D0476		Diclofenac	C14H11Cl2NO2	3033	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0487		Diethylstilbestrol	C18H20O2	448537	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0491		Digoxin	C41H64O14	2724385	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0493		Dihydrocodeine	C18H23NO3	5284543	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26], [88]
D0494		Dihydroergotamine	C33H37N5O5	10531	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [91]
D0495		Dihydrotachysterol	C28H46O	5311071	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D0508		Disopyramide	C21H29N3O	3114	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0511		Docetaxel	C43H53NO14	148124	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0528		Doxorubicin	C27H29NO11	31703	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [92], [93], [94]
D0529		Doxorubicin (liposomal)	C27H29NO11	31703	Moderate		Inter Info	[92], [93], [94]
D0534		Dronedarone	C31H44N2O5S	208898	Moderate		Inter Info	[95]
D0536		Drospirenone	C24H30O3	68873	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [96], [26], [90]
D0542		Dutasteride	C27H30F6N2O2	6918296	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0554		Efavirenz	C14H9ClF3NO2	64139	Moderate		Inter Info	[97], [98]
D0557		Eletriptan	C22H26N2O2S	77993	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0585		Eplerenone	C24H30O6	443872	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0591		Ergocalciferol	C28H44O	5280793	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D0592		Ergometrine	C19H23N3O2	443884	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [91]
D0593		Ergotamine	C33H35N5O5	8223	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [91]
D0606		Estradiol	C18H24O2	5757	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0609		Estrone	C18H22O2	5870	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0610		Estrone sulfate	C18H22O5S	3001028	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26], [88]
D0612		Eszopiclone	C17H17ClN6O3	969472	Moderate		Inter Info	[99]
D0619		Ethinylestradiol	C20H24O2	5991	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [89], [90]
D0620		Ethosuximide	C7H11NO2	3291	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0626		Etonogestrel	C22H28O2	6917715	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [96], [26], [90]
D0627		Etoposide	C29H32O13	36462	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0629		Everolimus	C53H83NO14	6442177	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [100]
D0630		Exemestane	C20H24O2	60198	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0646		Fentanyl	C22H28N2O	3345	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D0671		Fludrocortisone	C21H29FO5	31378	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0679		Flurazepam	C21H23ClFN3O	3393	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0707		Galantamine	C17H21NO3	9651	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0738		Granisetron	C18H24N4O	5284566	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0745		Guanfacine	C9H9Cl2N3O	3519	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [104], [105]
D0750		Haloperidol	C21H23ClFNO2	3559	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0751		Halothane	C2HBrClF3	3562	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0772		Hydrocodone	C18H21NO3	5284569	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D0773		Hydrocortisone	C21H30O5	5754	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0790		Ifosfamide	C7H15Cl2N2O2P	3690	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0793		Imatinib	C29H31N7O	5291	Moderate		Inter Info	[106], [107], [45], [25], [108], [109]
D0845		Irinotecan	C33H38N4O6	60838	Moderate		Inter Info	[110], [111], [112], [113], [114], [115], [116], [117], [118], [119], [120], [121], [122], [123], [124]
D0846		Irinotecan (liposomal)	C33H38N4O6	60838	Moderate		Inter Info	[111], [112], [117]
D0867		Itraconazole	C35H38Cl2N8O4	55283	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0870		Ivermectin	C48H74O14	6321424	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0907		Letrozole	C17H11N5	3902	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0922		Levonorgestrel	C21H28O2	13109	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [96], [26], [90]
D0950		Loratadine	C22H23ClN2O2	3957	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0990		Medroxyprogesterone acetate	C24H34O4	6279	Moderate		Inter Info	[128], [129], [130]
D0993		Megestrol acetate	C24H32O4	11683	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26], [88]
D1017		Methadone	C21H27NO	4095	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D1037		Methylergometrine	C20H25N3O2	8226	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [91]
D1043		Methysergide	C21H27N3O2	9681	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [91]
D1060		Midazolam	C18H13ClFN3	4192	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1063		Mifepristone	C29H35NO2	55245	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1081		Modafinil	C15H15NO2S	4236	Moderate		Inter Info	[136], [137]
D1134		Nifedipine	C17H18N2O6	4485	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1136		Nilotinib	C28H22F3N7O	644241	Moderate		Inter Info	[138]
D1141		Nisoldipine	C20H24N2O6	4499	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1143		Nitisinone	C14H10F3NO5	115355	Moderate		Inter Info	[107], [45], [25]
D1154		Norethisterone	C20H26O2	6230	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [89], [90]
D1181		Ondansetron	C18H19N3O	4595	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1202		Oxybutynin	C22H31NO3	4634	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1203		Oxycodone	C18H21NO4	5284603	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D1226		Paricalcitol	C27H44O3	5281104	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D1290		Pimavanserin	C25H34FN3O2	10071196	Moderate		Inter Info	[141]
D1292		Pimozide	C28H29F2N3O	16362	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1294		Pioglitazone	C19H20N2O3S	4829	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1330		Praziquantel	C19H24N2O2	4891	Moderate		Inter Info	[142], [45], [143], [144]
D1332		Prednisolone	C21H28O5	5755	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1334		Prednisone	C21H26O5	5865	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1348		Progesterone	C21H30O2	5994	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1371		Quinidine	C20H24N2O2	441074	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1372		Quinine	C20H24N2O2	3034034	Moderate		Inter Info	[145], [146], [147], [148], [149], [150]
D1415		Ritonavir	C37H48N6O5S2	392622	Moderate		Inter Info	[151], [152], [153], [107], [154], [155], [156], [157], [158], [159], [160], [161], [162], [163], [164], [165], [166]
D0006		Abemaciclib	C27H32F2N8	46220502	Moderate		Inter Info	[167]
D0008		Acalabrutinib	C26H23N7O2	71226662	Moderate		Inter Info	[168]
D0044		Alpelisib	C19H22F3N5O2S	56649450	Moderate		Inter Info	[169]
D0096		Apixaban	C25H25N5O4	10182969	Moderate		Inter Info	[170]
D0106		Armodafinil	C15H15NO2S	9690109	Moderate		Inter Info	[136], [137]
D0108		Artemether	C16H26O5	68911	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [171]
D0128		Avanafil	C23H26ClN7O3	9869929	Moderate		Inter Info	[172]
D0129		Avapritinib	C26H27FN10	118023034	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [173]
D0149		Bedaquiline	C32H31BrN2O2	5388906	Moderate		Inter Info	[174]
D0161		Benzhydrocodone	C25H25NO4	49836084	Moderate		Inter Info	[43], [49], [58]
D0181		Bictegravir	C21H18F3N3O5	90311989	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [175], [176]
D0192		Boceprevir	C27H45N5O5	10324367	Moderate		Inter Info	[177], [178]
D0195		Bosutinib	C26H29Cl2N5O3	5328940	Moderate		Inter Info	[179]
D0204		Brigatinib	C29H39ClN7O2P	68165256	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [181]
D0230		Cabozantinib	C28H24FN3O5	25102847	Moderate		Inter Info	[182], [183]
D0251		Capmatinib	C23H17FN6O	25145656	Moderate		Inter Info	[184]
D0302		Ceritinib	C28H36ClN5O3S	57379345	Moderate		Inter Info	[185]
D0375		Cobicistat	C40H53N7O5S2	25151504	Moderate		Inter Info	[107], [45], [25], [108], [186], [187], [188]
D0389		Copanlisib	C23H28N8O4	135565596	Moderate		Inter Info	[189]
D0393		Crizotinib	C21H22Cl2FN5O	11626560	Moderate		Inter Info	[190], [25], [191]
D0425		Darolutamide	C19H19ClN6O2	67171867	Moderate		Inter Info	[192]
D0518		Doravirine	C17H11ClF3N5O3	58460047	Moderate		Inter Info	[193], [194]
D0527		Doxercalciferol	C28H44O2	5281107	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61], [62]
D0543		Duvelisib	C22H17ClN6O	50905713	Moderate		Inter Info	[195]
D0555		Elagolix	C32H30F5N3O5	11250647	Moderate		Inter Info	[196]
D0556		Elbasvir	C49H55N9O7	71661251	Moderate		Inter Info	[197]
D0559		Eliglustat	C23H36N2O4	23652731	Moderate		Inter Info	[198]
D0563		Elvitegravir	C23H23ClFNO5	5277135	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [199]
D0569		Encorafenib	C22H27ClFN7O4S	50922675	Moderate		Inter Info	[200]
D0577		Entrectinib	C31H34F2N6O2	25141092	Moderate		Inter Info	[201]
D0578		Enzalutamide	C21H16F4N4O2S	15951529	Moderate		Inter Info	[202]
D0655		Fesoterodine	C26H37NO3	6918558	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0699		Fostamatinib	C23H26FN6O9P	11671467	Moderate		Inter Info	[204]
D0720		Gilteritinib	C29H44N8O3	49803313	Moderate		Inter Info	[205]
D0725		Glasdegib	C21H22N6O	25166913	Moderate		Inter Info	[206]
D0726		Glecaprevir	C38H46F4N6O9S	66828839	Moderate		Inter Info	[207]
D0785		Ibrutinib	C25H24N6O2	24821094	Moderate		Inter Info	[208]
D0789		Idelalisib	C22H18FN7O	11625818	Moderate		Inter Info	[209]
D0868		Ivabradine	C27H36N2O5	132999	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [210]
D0869		Ivacaftor	C24H28N2O3	16220172	Moderate		Inter Info	[211], [212], [213], [214]
D0874		Ixazomib	C14H19BCl2N2O4	25183872	Moderate		Inter Info	[215]
D0896		Larotrectinib	C21H22F2N6O2	46188928	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [216]
D0899		Lefamulin	C28H45NO5S	25185057	Moderate		Inter Info	[218]
D0901		Lemborexant	C22H20F2N4O2	56944144	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [219]
D0911		Levamlodipine	C20H25ClN2O5	9822750	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0946		Lonafarnib	C27H31Br2ClN4O2	148195	Moderate		Inter Info	[220]
D0962		Lurbinectedin	C41H44N4O10S	57327016	Moderate		Inter Info	[221]
D0965		Macimorelin	C26H30N6O3	9804938	Moderate		Inter Info	[222]
D0966		Macitentan	C19H20Br2N6O4S	16004692	Moderate		Inter Info	[223], [224]
D1062		Midostaurin	C35H30N4O4	9829523	Moderate		Inter Info	[225], [226]
D1104		Naloxegol	C34H53NO11	56959087	Moderate		Inter Info	[227]
D1157		Norgestrel	C21H28O2	13109	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [96], [26], [90]
D1167		Olaparib	C24H23FN4O3	23725625	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [228]
D1169		Oliceridine	C22H30N2O2S	66553195	Moderate		Inter Info	[42], [43], [44], [45], [25], [46], [47], [48], [49], [50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [35], [57], [58]
D1189		Osilodrostat	C13H10FN3	44139752	Moderate		Inter Info	[229]
D1190		Osimertinib	C28H33N7O2	71496458	Moderate		Inter Info	[230]
D1214		Palbociclib	C24H29N7O2	5330286	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [231]
D1221		Panobinostat	C21H23N3O2	6918837	Moderate		Inter Info	[232]
D1242		Pemigatinib	C24H27F2N5O4	86705695	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [233]
D1313		Ponatinib	C29H27F3N6O	24826799	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [234]
D1398		Ribociclib	C23H30N8O	44631912	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [235]
D1408		Riociguat	C20H19FN8O2	11304743	Moderate		Inter Info	[236]
D1409		Ripretinib	C24H21BrFN5O2	71584930	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [237]
D1423		Rolapitant	C25H26F6N2O2	10311306	Moderate		Inter Info	[238]
D1434		Ruxolitinib	C17H18N6	25126798	Moderate		Inter Info	[239]
D1466		Silodosin	C25H32F3N3O4	5312125	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [240]
D1496		Sonidegib	C26H26F3N3O3	24775005	Moderate		Inter Info	[241]
D1505		Stiripentol	C14H18O3	5311454	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [108], [242]
D1536		Tasimelteon	C15H19NO2	10220503	Moderate		Inter Info	[243]
D1549		Temsirolimus	C56H87NO16	6918289	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [244]
D1579		Ticagrelor	C23H28F2N6O4S	9871419	Moderate		Inter Info	[107], [25], [245], [246], [247]
D1600		Tofacitinib	C16H20N6O	9926791	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [248]
D1660		Tucatinib	C26H24N8O2	51039094	Moderate		Inter Info	[249]
D1663		Ubrogepant	C29H26F3N5O3	68748835	Moderate		Inter Info	[250]
D1664		Ulipristal	C28H35NO3	13559281	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [251]
D1687		Vemurafenib	C23H18ClF2N3O3S	42611257	Moderate		Inter Info	[252]
D1718		Zanubrutinib	C27H29N5O3	135565884	Moderate		Inter Info	[253]
D1473		Simvastatin	C25H38O5	54454	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1476		Sirolimus	C51H79NO13	5284616	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [254], [255]
D1497		Sorafenib	C21H16ClF3N4O3	216239	Moderate		Inter Info	[256]
D1522		Sunitinib	C22H27FN4O2	5329102	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [257]
D1541		Telaprevir	C36H53N7O6	3010818	Moderate		Inter Info	[177], [178]
D1544		Telithromycin	C43H65N5O10	3002190	Moderate		Inter Info	[258], [259]
D1558		Testosterone	C19H28O2	6013	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1578		Tiagabine	C20H25NO2S2	60648	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1607		Tolterodine	C22H31NO	443879	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1612		Toremifene	C26H28ClNO	3005573	Moderate		Inter Info	[262], [45], [25], [263], [264]
D1624		Trazodone	C19H22ClN5O	5533	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1626		Tretinoin	C20H28O2	444795	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1628		Triamcinolone	C21H27FO6	31307	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1674		Valdecoxib	C16H14N2O3S	119607	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1682		Vardenafil	C23H32N6O4S	135400189	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1697		Vinblastine	C46H58N4O9	13342	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1698		Vincristine	C46H56N4O10	5978	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1706		Voriconazole	C16H14F3N5O	71616	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1711		Warfarin	C19H16O4	54678486	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D1729		Zolpidem	C19H21N3O	5732	Moderate		Inter Info	[25], [26]
D0178		Bexarotene	C24H28O2	82146	Minor		Inter Info	[265]
D0193		Bortezomib	C19H25BN4O4	387447	Minor		Inter Info	[25], [266], [267], [268], [269]
D0916		Levobupivacaine	C18H28N2O	92253	Minor		Inter Info	[270]
D0927		Lidocaine	C14H22N2O	3676	Minor		Inter Info	[271], [272], [273], [274]
D0515		Dolutegravir	C20H19F2N3O5	54726191	Minor		Inter Info	[275]
D1074		Mirabegron	C21H24N4O2S	9865528	Minor		Inter Info	[276]
Pharmacodynamic additive effects
	Additive CNS depression effects					Drug Num: 174
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0219		Buprenorphine	C29H41NO4	644073	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16]
D0467		Dextropropoxyphene	C22H29NO2	10100	Major		Inter Info	[17], [18], [19]
D0909		Levacetylmethadol	C23H31NO2	15130	Major		Inter Info	[20], [21]
D1485		Sodium oxybate	C4H7NaO3	23663870	Major		Inter Info	[23], [24]
D0037		Alimemazine	C18H22N2S	5574	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0068		Amitriptyline	C20H23N	2160	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0071		Amobarbital	C11H18N2O3	2164	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0072		Amoxapine	C17H16ClN3O	2170	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0097		Apomorphine	C17H17NO2	6005	Moderate		Inter Info	[34], [35]
D0098		Apraclonidine	C9H10Cl2N4	2216	Moderate		Inter Info	[36], [25], [37]
D0135		Azatadine	C20H22N2	19861	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0137		Azelastine (nasal)	C22H24ClN3O	2267	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0143		Baclofen	C10H12ClNO2	2284	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0160		Benzatropine	C21H25NO	1201549	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0183		Biperiden	C21H29NO	2381	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0205		Brimonidine (ophthalmic)	C11H10BrN5	2435	Moderate		Inter Info	[36], [25], [37]
D0206		Brimonidine (topical)	C11H10BrN5	2435	Moderate		Inter Info	[36], [25], [37]
D0214		Brompheniramine	C16H19BrN2	6834	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0224		Butabarbital	C10H16N2O3	2479	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0225		Butalbital	C11H16N2O3	2481	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0259		Carbinoxamine	C16H19ClN2O	2564	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0263		Carisoprodol	C12H24N2O4	2576	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0300		Cenobamate	C10H10ClN5O2	11962412	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0305		Cetirizine	C21H25ClN2O3	2678	Moderate		Inter Info	[64], [65]
D0311		Chloral hydrate	C2H3Cl3O2	2707	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0318		Chlormezanone	C11H12ClNO3S	2717	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0322		Chlorphenesin	C9H11ClO3	7697	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0324		Chlorpromazine	C17H19ClN2S	2726	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0327		Chlorzoxazone	C7H4ClNO2	2733	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0351		Clemastine	C21H26ClNO	26987	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0359		Clofedanol	C17H20ClNO	2795	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0361		Clomipramine	C19H23ClN2	2801	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0363		Clonidine	C9H9Cl2N3	2803	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0370		Clozapine	C18H19ClN4	135398737	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0379		Codeine	C18H21NO3	5284371	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0397		Cyclizine	C18H22N2	6726	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0398		Cyclobenzaprine	C20H21N	2895	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0403		Cyproheptadine	C21H21N	2913	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0446		Desipramine	C18H22N2	2995	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0456		Dexbrompheniramine	C16H19BrN2	16960	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0459		Dexmedetomidine	C13H16N2	5311068	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0470		Dezocine	C16H23NO	3033053	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0471		Diamorphine	C21H23NO5	5462328	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0473		Diazepam	C16H13ClN2O	3016	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0475		Dichloralphenazone	C15H18Cl6N2O5	10188	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0488		Difenoxin	C28H28N2O2	34328	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0498		Dimenhydrinate	C24H28ClN5O3	10660	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0504		Diphenoxylate	C30H32N2O2	13505	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0525		Doxepin	C19H21NO	667477	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0526		Doxepin (topical)	C19H21NO	667477	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0532		Doxylamine	C17H22N2O	3162	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0533		Dronabinol	C21H30O2	16078	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0575		Entacapone	C14H15N3O5	5281081	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0604		Estazolam	C16H11ClN4	3261	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0618		Ethchlorvynol	C7H9ClO	5281077	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0621		Ethotoin	C11H12N2O2	3292	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0632		Ezogabine	C16H18FN3O2	121892	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0639		Felbamate	C11H14N2O4	3331	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0662		Flavoxate	C24H25NO4	3354	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0665		Flibanserin	C20H21F3N4O	6918248	Moderate		Inter Info	[20]
D0678		Fluphenazine	C22H26F3N3OS	3372	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0697		Fosphenytoin	C16H15N2O6P	56339	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0705		Gabapentin	C9H17NO2	3446	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0748		Halazepam	C17H12ClF3N2O	31640	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0776		Hydromorphone	C17H19NO3	5284570	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0781		Hydroxyzine	C21H27ClN2O2	3658	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0791		Iloperidone	C24H27FN2O4	71360	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0795		Imipramine	C19H24N2	3696	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0853		Isocarboxazid	C12H13N3O2	3759	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0878		Kava	C14H16O3	5281052	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0879		Ketamine	C13H16ClNO	3821	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0890		Lamotrigine	C9H7Cl2N5	3878	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0912		Levetiracetam	C8H14N2O2	5284583	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0923		Levorphanol	C17H23NO	5359272	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0942		Lofexidine	C11H12Cl2N2O	30668	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0951		Lorazepam	C15H10Cl2N2O2	3958	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0957		Loxapine	C18H18ClN3O	3964	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0979		Maprotiline	C20H23N	4011	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0987		Meclizine	C25H27ClN2	4034	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1001		Meperidine	C15H21NO2	4058	Moderate		Inter Info	[131], [132], [133], [134], [135]
D1005		Meprobamate	C9H18N2O4	4064	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1010		Mesoridazine	C21H26N2OS2	4078	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1014		Metaxalone	C12H15NO3	15459	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1019		Methdilazine	C18H20N2S	14677	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1023		Methocarbamol	C11H15NO5	4107	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1026		Methotrimeprazine	C19H24N2OS	72287	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1032		Methsuximide	C12H13NO2	6476	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1035		Methyldopa	C10H13NO4	38853	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1040		Methylphenobarbital	C13H14N2O3	8271	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1046		Metoclopramide	C14H22ClN3O2	4168	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1053		Metyrosine	C10H13NO3	441350	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1075		Mirtazapine	C17H19N3	4205	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1084		Molindone	C16H24N2O2	23897	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1089		Morphine	C17H19NO3	5288826	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1090		Morphine (liposomal)	C17H19NO3	5288826	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1096		Nabilone	C24H36O3	5284592	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1100		Nalbuphine	C21H27NO4	5311304	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1117		Nefazodone	C25H32ClN5O2	4449	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1158		Nortriptyline	C19H21N	4543	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1166		Olanzapine	C17H20N4S	135398745	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1172		Olopatadine (nasal)	C21H23NO3	5281071	Moderate		Inter Info	[139], [140], [90]
D1188		Orphenadrine	C18H23NO	4601	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1197		Oxazepam	C15H11ClN2O2	4616	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1198		Oxcarbazepine	C15H12N2O2	34312	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1208		Oxymorphone	C17H19NO4	5284604	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1215		Paliperidone	C23H27FN4O3	115237	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1225		Paramethadione	C7H11NO3	8280	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1247		Pentazocine	C19H27NO	441278	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1248		Pentobarbital	C11H18N2O3	4737	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1255		Pergolide	C19H26N2S	47811	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1257		Perphenazine	C21H26ClN3OS	4748	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1260		Phenacemide	C9H10N2O2	4753	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1263		Phenelzine	C8H12N2	3675	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1264		Phenindamine	C19H19N	11291	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1269		Phensuximide	C11H11NO2	6839	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1325		Pramipexole	C10H17N3S	119570	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1335		Pregabalin	C8H17NO2	5486971	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1347		Procyclidine	C19H29NO	4919	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1351		Promazine	C17H20N2S	4926	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1355		Propiomazine	C20H24N2OS	4940	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1361		Protriptyline	C19H21N	4976	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1378		Ramelteon	C16H21NO2	208902	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1385		Rasagiline	C12H13N	3052776	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1390		Remifentanil	C20H28N2O5	60815	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1413		Risperidone	C23H27FN4O2	5073	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1427		Ropinirole	C16H24N2O	5095	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1431		Rotigotine	C19H25NOS	59227	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0112		Asenapine	C17H16ClNO	3036780	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0201		Brexanolone	C21H34O2	92786	Moderate		Inter Info	[180]
D0202		Brexpiprazole	C25H27N3O2S	11978813	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0316		Chlorcyclizine	C18H21ClN2	2710	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0452		Deutetrabenazine	C19H27NO3	73437646	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0600		Esketamine	C13H16ClNO	182137	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [203]
D0601		Eslicarbazepine	C15H14N2O2	9881504	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0897		Lasmiditan	C19H18F3N3O2	11610526	Moderate		Inter Info	[217]
D0940		Lithium carbonate	CLi2O3	11125	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D0961		Lurasidone	C28H36N4O2S	213046	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1006		Mepyramine	C17H23N3O	4992	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1182		Opicapone	C15H10Cl2N4O6	135565903	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1183		Opium	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1224		Paraldehyde	C6H12O3	31264	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1252		Pentoxyverine	C20H31NO3	2562	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1282		Phenyltoloxamine	C17H21NO	7077	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1391		Remimazolam	C21H19BrN4O2	9867812	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1535		Tapentadol	C14H23NO	9838022	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1673		Valbenazine	C24H38N2O4	24795069	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1675		Valerian	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1719		Ziconotide	C102H172N36O32S7	16135415	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1453		Secobarbital	C12H18N2O3	5193	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1464		Sibutramine	C17H26ClN	5210	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1502		St. John's Wort	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1512		Sufentanil	C22H30N2O2S	41693	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1547		Temazepam	C16H13ClN2O2	5391	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1560		Tetrabenazine	C19H27NO3	6018	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1569		Thalidomide	C13H10N2O4	5426	Moderate		Inter Info	[260]
D1572		Thiethylperazine	C22H29N3S2	5440	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1573		Thiopental	C11H18N2O2S	3000715	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1574		Thioridazine	C21H26N2S2	5452	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1576		Thiothixene	C23H29N3O2S2	941651	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1596		Tizanidine	C9H8ClN5S	5487	Moderate		Inter Info	[261]
D1604		Tolcapone	C14H11NO5	4659569	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1609		Topiramate	C12H21NO8S	5284627	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1616		Tramadol	C16H25NO2	33741	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1620		Tranylcypromine	C9H11N	19493	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1632		Triazolam	C17H12Cl2N4	5556	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1637		Trifluoperazine	C21H24F3N3S	5566	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1638		Triflupromazine	C18H19F3N2S	5568	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1641		Trihexyphenidyl	C20H31NO	5572	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1642		Trimethadione	C6H9NO3	5576	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1644		Trimethobenzamide	C21H28N2O5	5577	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1647		Trimipramine	C20H26N2	5584	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1649		Tripelennamine	C16H21N3	5587	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1650		Triprolidine	C19H22N2	5282443	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
D1726		Ziprasidone	C21H21ClN4OS	60854	Moderate		Inter Info	[31], [32], [33]
Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects
	Antagonize the effect of antiepileptic agents					Drug Num: 18
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0320		Chloroquine	C18H26ClN3	2719	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [66], [67], [68]
D0345		Citalopram	C20H21FN2O	2771	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0539		Duloxetine	C18H19NOS	60835	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0599		Escitalopram	C20H21FN2O	146570	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0676		Fluoxetine	C17H18F3NO	3386	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0687		Fluvoxamine	C15H21F3N2O2	5324346	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0779		Hydroxychloroquine	C18H26ClN3O	3652	Moderate		Inter Info	[45], [25], [66], [67], [68]
D1830		Leucovorin	C20H23N7O7	135403648	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [126], [127]
D1066		Milnacipran	C15H22N2O	65833	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D1229		Paroxetine	C19H20FNO3	43815	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D0451		Desvenlafaxine	C16H25NO2	125017	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D1832		Levoleucovorin	C20H23N7O7	135398559	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [126], [127]
D1833		Levomefolic acid	C20H25N7O6	135398561	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [126], [127]
D1834		Levomefolic acid (calcium)	C20H25N7O6	135398561	Moderate		Inter Info	[125], [126], [127]
D0920		Levomilnacipran	C15H22N2O	6917779	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D1696		Vilazodone	C26H27N5O2	6918314	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D1708		Vortioxetine	C18H22N2S	9966051	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
D1461		Sertraline	C17H17Cl2N	68617	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70], [71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [25], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87]
	Antagonize the effect of antihypertensive agents					Drug Num: 1
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0722		Ginkgo biloba	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[101], [102], [103]

References
1	Sekar M, Mimpriss TJ "Buprenorphine, benzodiazepines and prolonged respiratory depression." Anaesthesia 42 (1987): 567-8. [PMID: 3592200]
2	Pirnay S, Borron SW, Giudicelli CP, Tourneau J, Baud FJ, Ricordel I "A critical review of the causes of death among post-morten toxicological investigations: analysis of 34 buprenorphine-associated and 35 methadone-associated deaths." Addiction 99 (2004): 978-88. [PMID: 15265095]
3	Schuman-Olivier Z, Hoeppner BB, Weiss RD, Borodovsky J, Shaffer HJ, Albanese MJ "Benzodiazepine use during buprenorphine treatment for opioid dependence: clinical and safety outcomes." Drug Alcohol Depend 132 (2013): 580-6. [PMID: 23688843]
4	Reynaud M, Petit G, Potard D, Courty P "Six deaths linked to concomitant use of buprenorphine and benzodiazepines." Addiction 93 (1998): 1385-92. [PMID: 9926544]
5	Kintz P "A new series of 13 buprenorphine-related deaths." Clin Biochem 35 (2002): 513-6. [PMID: 12493578]
6	Kilicarslan T, Sellers EM "Lack of interaction of buprenorphine with flunitrazepam metabolism." Am J Psychiatry 157 (2000): 1164-6. [PMID: 10873929]
7	Product Information. Suboxone (buprenorphine-naloxone). Reckitt and Colman Pharmaceuticals Inc, Richmond, VA.
8	Reynaud M, Tracqui A, Petit G, Potard D, Courty P "Six deaths linked to misuse of buprenorphine-benzodiazepine combinations." Am J Psychiatry 155 (1998): 448-9. [PMID: 9501765]
9	US Food and Drug Administration "FDA warns about serious risks and death when combining opioid pain or cough medicines with benzodiazepines requires its strongest warning.".
10	Hakkinen M, Launiainen T, Vuori E, Ojanpera I "Benzodiazepines and alcohol are associated with cases of fatal buprenorphine poisoning." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 68 (2012): 301-9. [PMID: 21927835]
11	Gueye PN, Borron SW, Risede P, et al "Buprenorphine and midazolalm act in combination to depress respiration in rats." Toxicol Sci 65 (2002): 107-14. [PMID: 11752690]
12	Tracqui A, Kintz P, Ludes B "Buprenorphine-related deaths among drug addicts in France: a report on 20 fatalities." J Anal Toxicol 22 (1998): 430-4. [PMID: 9788517]
13	Martin HA "The possible consequences of combining lorazepam and buprenorphine/naloxone: a case review." J Emerg Nurs 37 (2011): 200-2. [PMID: 21397143]
14	Center for Substance Abuse Treatment.?Clinical Guidelines for the Use of Buprenorphine in the Treatment of Opioid Addiction. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (US); 2004. [PMID: 22514846]
15	Ferrant O, Papin F, Clin B, et al "Fatal poisoning due to snorting buprenorphine and alcohol consumption." Forensic Sci Int 204 (2011): e8-11. [PMID: 20554411]
16	Kintz P "Deaths involving buprenorphine: a compendium of French cases." Forensic Sci Int 121 (2001): 65-9. [PMID: 11516889]
17	Hansen BS, Dam M, Brandt J, et al "Influence of dextropropoxyphene on steady state serum levels and protein binding of three anti-epileptic drugs in man." Acta Neurol Scand 61 (1980): 357-67. [PMID: 6998251]
18	Peterson GR, Covault HP, Hostetler RM "Acute inhibition of microsomal drug metabolism by propoxphene in narcotic tolerant/dependent mice." Life Sci 22 (1978): 2087-96. [PMID: 566834]
19	Abernethy DR, Greenblatt DJ, Morse DS, Shader RI "Interaction of propoxyphene with diazepam, alprazolam and lorazepam." Br J Clin Pharmacol 19 (1985): 51-7. [PMID: 2858217]
20	Product Information. Addyi (flibanserin). Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Raleigh, NC.
21	Product Information. Orlaam (levomethadyl acetate) Roxanne Laboratories Inc, Columbus, OH.
22	Product Information. Caplyta (lumateperone). Intra-Cellular Therapies, Inc., New York, NY.
23	Product Information. Xywav (calcium/magnesium/potass/sodium oxybates). Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
24	Product Information. Xyrem (sodium oxybate). Orphan Medical, Minnetonka, MN.
25	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
26	Product Information. Banzel (rufinamide). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
27	Kharasch ED, Thummel KE "Human alfentanil metabolism by cytochrome P450 3A3/4. An explanation for the interindividual variability in alfentanil clearance?" Anesth Analg 76 (1993): 1033-9. [PMID: 8484504]
28	Koehntop DE, Noormohamed SE, Fletcher CV "Effects of long-term drugs on alfentanil clearance in patients undergoing renal transplantation." Pharmacotherapy 14 (1994): 592-9. [PMID: 7997393]
29	Labroo RB, Thummel KE, Kunze KL, Podoll T, Trager WF, Kharasch ED "Catalytic role of cytochrome P4503A4 in multiple pathways of alfentanil metabolism." Drug Metab Dispos 23 (1995): 490-6. [PMID: 7600917]
30	Kharasch ED, Russell M, Mautz D, Thummel KE, Kunze KL, Bowdle A, Cox K "The role of cytochrome P450 3A4 in alfentanil clearance. Implications for interindividual variability in disposition and perioperative drug interactions." Anesthesiology 87 (1997): 36-50. [PMID: 9232132]
31	Divoll M, Greenblatt DJ, Lacasse Y, Shader RI "Benzodiazepine overdosage: plasma concentrations and clinical outcome." Psychopharmacology (Berl) 73 (1981): 381-3. [PMID: 6789361]
32	Grabowski BS, Cady WJ, Young WW, Emery JF "Effects of acute alcohol administration on propranolol absorption." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 18 (1980): 317-9. [PMID: 7429677]
33	Product Information. Belsomra (suvorexant). Merck &amp Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
34	Product Information. Apokyn (apomorphine). Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc, Morgantown, WV.
35	Product Information. Zohydro ER (HYDROcodone). Zogenix, Inc, San Diego, CA.
36	Product Information. Alphagan (brimonidine ophthalmic). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
37	Product Information. Mirvaso (brimonidine topical). Galderma Laboratories Inc, Cranbury, NJ.
38	Product Information. Otezla (apremilast). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
39	Kivisto KT, Lamberg TS, Neuvonen PJ "Interactions of buspirone with itraconazole and rifampicin: Effects on the pharmacokinetics of the active 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)-piperazine metabolite of buspirone." Pharmacol Toxicol 84 (1999): 94-7. [PMID: 10068153]
40	Lamberg TS, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ "Concentrations and effects of buspirone are considerably reduced by rifampicin." Br J Clin Pharmacol 45 (1998): 381-5. [PMID: 9578186]
41	Product Information. Buspar (buspirone). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
42	Altice FL, Friedland GH, Cooney EL "Nevirapine induced opiate withdrawal among injection drug users with HIV infection receiving methadone." AIDS 13 (1999): 957-62. [PMID: 10371177]
43	Bell J, Seres V, Bowron P, Lewis J, Batey R "The use of serum methadone levels in patients receiving methadone maintenance." Clin Pharmacol Ther 43 (1988): 623-9. [PMID: 3378383]
44	Bending MR, Skacel PO "Rifampicin and methadone withdrawal." Lancet 1 (1977): 1211. [PMID: 68314]
45	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
46	Finelli PF "Phenytoin and methadone tolerance." N Engl J Med 294 (1976): 227. [PMID: 1244546]
47	Holmes VF "Rifampin-induced methadone withdrawal in AIDS." J Clin Psychopharmacol 10 (1991): 443-4. [PMID: 2286719]
48	Kreek MJ, Garfield JW, Gutjahr CL, Giusti LM "Rifampin-induced methadone withdrawal." N Engl J Med 294 (1976): 1104-6. [PMID: 1256526]
49	Liu S-J, Wang RI "Case report of barbiturate-induced enhancement of methadone metabolism and withdrawal syndrome." Am J Psychiatry 141 (1984): 1287-8. [PMID: 6486271]
50	Otero MJ, Fuertes A, Sanchez R, Luna G "Nevirapine-induced withdrawal symptoms in HIV patients on methadone maintenance programme: an alert." AIDS 13 (1999): 1004-5. [PMID: 10371190]
51	Pinzani V, Faucherre V, Peyriere H, Blayac JP "Methadone withdrawal symptoms with nevirapine and efavirenz." Ann Pharmacother 34 (2000): 405-7. [PMID: 10917395]
52	Product Information. Butorphanol Tartrate (butorphanol). Apotex Corporation, Weston, FL.
53	Product Information. Diskets (methadone). Cebert Pharmaceuticals Inc, Birmingham, AL.
54	Product Information. Duragesic Transdermal System (fentanyl). Janssen Pharmaceutica, Titusville, NJ.
55	Product Information. Ionsys (fentanyl). Ortho McNeil Pharmaceutical, Raritan, NJ.
56	Product Information. OxyContin (oxycodone). Purdue Frederick Company, Norwalk, CT.
57	Raistrick D, Hay A, Wolff K "Methadone maintenance and tuberculosis treatment." BMJ 313 (1996): 925-6. [PMID: 8876100]
58	Tong TG, Pond SM, Kreek MJ, et al "Phenytoin-induced methadone withdrawal." Ann Intern Med 94 (1981): 349-51. [PMID: 7224382]
59	Product Information. Hectorol (doxercalciferol). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
60	Product Information. One-Alpha (alfacalcidol). Pharmel Inc, Montreal, IN.
61	Product Information. Rocaltrol (calcitriol). Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
62	Product Information. Zemplar (paricalcitol). Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
63	Product Information. Vraylar (cariprazine). Actavis Pharma, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
64	Product Information. Zyrtec (cetirizine). Pfizer US Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
65	Product Information. Xyzal (levocetirizine). UCB Pharma Inc, Smyrna, GA.
66	Product Information. Aralen (chloroquine). Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
67	Product Information. Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate (hydroxychloroquine). Prasco Laboratories, Cincinnati, OH.
68	Product Information. Plaquenil (R). (hydroxychloroquine). Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
69	Belcastro V, Costa C, Striano P "Levetiracetam-associated hyponatremia." Seizure 17 (2008): 389-90. [PMID: 18584781]
70	Gandhi S, McArthur E, Mamdani MM, et.al "Antiepileptic drugs and hyponatremia in older adults: Two population-based cohort studies." Epilepsia 57 (2016): 2067-79. [PMID: 27896804]
71	Product Information. Savella (milnacipran). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
72	Product Information. Aptiom (eslicarbazepine). Sunovion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Marlborough, MA.
73	Product Information. Cymbalta (duloxetine). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
74	Product Information. Pristiq (desvenlafaxine). Wyeth Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
75	Product Information. Tegretol (carbamazepine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
76	Product Information. Celexa (citalopram). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
77	Product Information. Paxil (paroxetine). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
78	Product Information. Prozac (fluoxetine). Dista Products Company, Indianapolis, IN.
79	Product Information. Luvox (fluvoxamine). Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc, Marietta, GA.
80	Product Information. Effexor (venlafaxine). Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
81	Product Information. Fetzima (levomilnacipran). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
82	Product Information. Zoloft (sertraline). Roerig Division, New York, NY.
83	Patel KR, Meesala A, Stanilla JK "Sodium valproate-induced hyponatremia: a case report." Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry 12 (2010): epub. [PMID: 21274365]
84	Product Information. Lexapro (escitalopram). Forest Pharmaceuticals, St. Louis, MO.
85	Falhammar H, Lindh JD, Calissendorff J, et.al "Differences in associations of antiepileptic drugs and hospitalization due to hyponatremia: A population-based case-control study." Seizure 59 (2018): 28-33. [PMID: 29730273]
86	Bavbek N, Alkan R, Uz E, Kaftan O, Akcay A "Hyponatremia associated with sodium valproate in a 22-year-old male." Nephrol Dial Transplant 23 (2008): epub. [PMID: 17913733]
87	Product Information. Trileptal (oxcarbazepine) Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
88	Yamreudeewong W, Henann NE, Fazio A, Lower DL, Cassidy TG "Drug-food interactions in clinical practice." J Fam Pract 40 (1995): 376-84. [PMID: 7699352]
89	Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare "FSRH Clinical Guidance: Drug Interactions with Hormonal Contraception.".
90	Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
91	Product Information. Methergine (methylergonovine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
92	Product Information. Adriamycin PFS (doxorubicin). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
93	Product Information. Doxil (doxorubicin liposomal). Sequis Pharmaceuticals Inc, Menlo Park, CA.
94	Kaytser V, Zhang P. Non-interacting, Non-opioid, and Non-barbiturate Containing Acute Medication Combinations in Headache: A Pilot Combinatorics Approach Based on DrugBank Database.?Front Neurol. 2021;12:632830. [PMID: 33679591]
95	Product Information. Multaq (dronedarone). sanofi-aventis , Bridgewater, NJ.
96	Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare "FSRH Clinical Guidance: Drug Interactions with Hormonal Contraception.".
97	Marzolini C, Telenti A, Decosterd LA, Greub G, Biollaz J, Buclin T "Efavirenz plasma levels can predict treatment failure and central nervous system side effects in HIV-1-infected patients." Aids 15 (2001): 71-5. [PMID: 11192870]
98	Product Information. Sustiva (efavirenz). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
99	Product Information. Lunesta (eszopiclone). Sepracor Inc, Marlborough, MA.
100	Product Information. Afinitor (everolimus). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
101	Miller LG "Herbal medicinals: selected clinical considerations focusing on known or potential drug-herb interactions." Arch Intern Med 158 (1998): 2200-11. [PMID: 9818800]
102	Harms SL, Garrard J, Schwinghammer P, Eberly LE, Chang Y, Leppik IE "Ginkgo biloba use in nursing home elderly with epilepsy or seizure disorder." Epilepsia 47 (2006): 323-9. [PMID: 16499756]
103	Kupiec T, Raj V "Fatal seizures due to potential herb-drug interactions with Ginkgo biloba." J Anal Toxicol 29 (2005): 755-8. [PMID: 16419414]
104	Kiechel JR, Lavene D, Guerret M, Comoy E, Godin M, Fillastre JP "Pharmacokinetic aspects of guanfacine withdrawal syndrome in a hypertensive patient with chronic renal failure." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 25 (1983): 463-6. [PMID: 6360692]
105	Product Information. Intuniv (guanfacine). Shire US Inc, Florence, KY.
106	Bolton AE, Peng B, Hubert M, et al. "Effect of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, STI571) in healthy subjects." Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 53 (2004): 102-6. [PMID: 14605865]
107	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
108	EMEA. European Medicines Agency "EPARs. European Union Public Assessment Reports.".
109	Product Information. Gleevec (imatinib mesylate). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
110	Crews KR, Stewart CF, Jones-Wallace D, et al "Altered irinotecan pharmacokinetics in pediatric high-grade glioma patients receiving enzyme-inducing anticonvulsant therapy." Clin Cancer Res 8 (2002): 2202-9. [PMID: 12114421]
111	Di YM, Li CG, Xue CC, Zhou SF "Clinical drugs that interact with St. John's wort and implication in drug development." Curr Pharm Des 14 (2008): 1723-42. [PMID: 18673195]
112	Friedman HS, Petros WP, Friedman AH, et al "Irinotecan therapy in adults with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma." J Clin Oncol 17 (1999): 1516-25. [PMID: 10334539]
113	Innocenti F, Undevia SD, Ramirez J, et al. "A phase I trial of pharmacologic modulation of irinotecan with cyclosporine and phenobarbital." Clin Pharmacol Ther 76 (2004): 490-502. [PMID: 15536463]
114	Kuhn JG "Influence of anticonvulsants on the metabolism and elimination of irinotecan. A North American Brain Tumor Consortium preliminary report." Oncology (Williston Park 16(8 Suppl 7) (2002): 33-40. [PMID: 12199631]
115	Hu ZP, Yang XX, Chen X, et al. A mechanistic study on altered pharmacokinetics of irinotecan by St. John's wort.?Curr Drug Metab. 2007;8(2):157-171. [PMID: 17305494]
116	Mathijssen RH, Verweij J, De Bruijn P, Loos WJ, Sparreboom A "Effects of St. John's Wort on Irinotecan Metabolism." J Natl Cancer Inst 94 (2002): 1247-9. [PMID: 12189228]
117	Minami H, Lad TE, Nicholas MK, Vokes EE, Ratain MJ "Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of 9-aminocamptothecin infused over 72 hours in phase II studies." Clin Cancer Res 5 (1999): 1325-30. [PMID: 10389915]
118	Murry DJ, Cherrick I, Salama V, et al. "Influence of phenytoin on the disposition of irinotecan: a case report." J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 24 (2002): 130-3. [PMID: 11990699]
119	Product Information. Camptosar (irinotecan). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
120	Product Information. Onivyde (irinotecan liposomal). Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
121	Hofland KF, Hansen S, Sorensen M, et al. Neoadjuvant bevacizumab and irinotecan versus bevacizumab and temozolomide followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: A randomized phase II study.?Acta Oncol. 2014;53(7):939-944. [PMID: 24456504]
122	Santos A, Zanetta S, Cresteil T, et al "Metabolism of irinotecan (CPT-11) by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in humans." Clin Cancer Res 6 (2000): 2012-20. [PMID: 10815927]
123	Yonemori K, Takeda Y, Toyota E, Kobayashi N, Kudo K "Potential interactions between irinotecan and rifampin in a patient with small-cell lung cancer." Int J Clin Oncol 9 (2004): 206-9. [PMID: 15221608]
124	Zamboni WC, Gajjar AJ, Heideman RL, et al "Phenytoin alters the disposition of topotecan and N-desmethyl topotecan in a patient with medulloblastoma." Clin Cancer Res 4 (1998): 783-9. [PMID: 9533548]
125	Berg MJ, Fischer LJ, Rivey MP, Vern BA, Lantz RK, Schottelius DD "Phenytoin and folic acid interaction: a preliminary report." Ther Drug Monit 5 (1983): 389-94. [PMID: 6659012]
126	Katz M "Potential danger of self-medication with folic acid." N Engl J Med 289 (1973): 1095. [PMID: 4742232]
127	Furlanut M, Benetello P, Avogaro A, Dainese R "Effects of folic acid on phenytoin kinetics in healthy subjects." Clin Pharmacol Ther 24 (1978): 294-7. [PMID: 688723]
128	Kobayashi K, Mimura N, Fujii H, et al "Role of human cytochrome P450 3A4 in metabolism of medroxyprogesterone acetate." Clin Cancer Res 6 (2000): 3297-303. [PMID: 10955816]
129	Product Information. Provera (medroxyprogesterone). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
130	Lundgren S, Lonning PE, Aakvaag A, Kvinnsland S, Lnning PE "Influence of aminoglutethimide on the metabolism of medroxyprogesterone acetate and megestrol acetate in postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer." Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 27 (1990): 101-5. [PMID: 2249324]
131	Lambertsen CJ, Wendel H, Longenhagen JB "The separate and combined respiratory effects of chlorpromazine and meperidine in normal men controlled at 46 mm Hg alveolar pCO2." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 131 (1961): 381-93. [PMID: 13758472]
132	Hoffman JC, Smith TC "The respiratory effects of meperidine and propiomazine in man." Anesthesiology 32 (1970): 325-31. [PMID: 4392394]
133	Stambaugh JE, Wainer IW "Drug interaction: meperidine and chlorpromazine, a toxic combination." J Clin Pharmacol 21 (1981): 140-6. [PMID: 7240435]
134	Product Information. Meperidine Hydrochloride Injection, USP (meperidine) Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
135	Product Information. Demerol (meperidine). Sanofi Winthrop Pharmaceuticals, New York, NY.
136	Product Information. Nuvigil (armodafinil). Cephalon Inc, West Chester, PA.
137	Product Information. Provigil (modafinil). Cephalon, Inc, West Chester, PA.
138	Product Information. Tasigna (nilotinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
139	Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7. [PMID: 3725002]
140	Product Information. Patanase (olopatadine nasal). Alcon Laboratories Inc, Fort Worth, TX.
141	Product Information. Nuplazid (pimavanserin). Accelis Pharma, East Windsor, NJ.
142	Bittencourt PR, Gracia CM, Martins R, et al "Phenytoin and carbamazepine decrease oral bioavailability of praziquantel." Neurology 42 (1992): 492-6. [PMID: 1549207]
143	Product Information. Biltricide (praziquantel). Bayer, West Haven, CT.
144	Ridtitid W, Wongnawa M, Mahatthanatrakul W, Punyo J, Sunbhanich M "Rifampin markedly decreases plasma concentrations of praziquantel in healthy volunteers." Clin Pharmacol Ther 72 (2002): 505-13. [PMID: 12426514]
145	Fabre C, Criddle J, Nolder D, Klein JL "Recrudescence of imported falciparum malaria after quinine therapy: potential drug interaction with phenytoin." Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 99 (2005): 871-3. [PMID: 16099004]
146	Product Information. Qualaquin (quinine). AR Scientific Inc, Philadelphia, PA.
147	Product Information. Rifadin (rifampin). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
148	Pukrittayakamee S, Prakongpan S, Wanwimolruk S, Clemens R, Looareesuwan S, White NJ "Adverse effect of rifampin on quinine efficacy in uncomplicated falciparum malaria." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47 (2003): 1509-1513. [PMID: 12709315]
149	Twum-Barima Y, Carruthers SG "Quinidine-rifampin interaction." N Engl J Med 304 (1981): 1466-9. [PMID: 7231477]
150	Wanwimolruk S, Kang W, Coville PF, Viriyayudhakorn S, Thitiarchakul S "Marked enhancement by rifampicin and lack of effect of isoniazid on the elimination of quinine in man." Br J Clin Pharmacol 40 (1995): 87-91. [PMID: 8527275]
151	Acosta EP, Henry K, Baken L, Page LM, Fletcher CV "Indinavir concentrations and antiviral effect." Pharmacotherapy 19 (1999): 708-12. [PMID: 10391416]
152	Barry M, Gibbons S, Back D, Mulcahy F "Protease inhibitors in patients with HIV disease. Clinically important pharmacokinetic considerations." Clin Pharmacokinet 32 (1997): 194-209. [PMID: 9084959]
153	Brooks J, Daily J, Schwamm L "Protease inhibitors and anticonvulsants." AIDS Clin Care 9 (1997): 87,90. [PMID: 11364776]
154	Hugen PWH, Burger DM, Brinkman K, terHofstede HJM, Schuurman R, Koopmans PP, Hekster YA "Carbamazepine-indinavir interaction causes antiretroviral therapy failure." Ann Pharmacother 34 (2000): 465-70. [PMID: 10772431]
155	Liedtke MD, Lockhart SM, Rathbun RC "Anticonvulsant and antiretroviral interactions." Ann Pharmacother 38 (2004): 482-9. [PMID: 14970370]
156	Product Information. Agenerase (amprenavir). Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Pk, NC.
157	Product Information. Aptivus (tipranavir). Boehringer-Ingelheim, Ridgefield, CT.
158	Product Information. Crixivan (indinavir). Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA.
159	Product Information. Fortovase (saquinavir) Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
160	Product Information. Invirase (saquinavir). Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
161	Product Information. Lexiva (fosamprenavir). GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.
162	Product Information. Prezista (darunavir). Ortho Biotech Inc, Bridgewater, NJ.
163	Product Information. Reyataz (atazanavir). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
164	Product Information. Viracept (nelfinavir). Agouron Pharma Inc, La Jolla, CA.
165	Sommadossi JP "HIV protease inhibitors: pharmacologic and metabolic distinctions." AIDS 13 (1999): s29-40. [PMID: 10546783]
166	Durant J, Clevenbergh P, Garraffo R, Halfon P, Icard S, DelGiudice P, Montagne N, Schapiro JM, Dellamonica P "Importance of protease inhibitor plasma levels in HIV-infected patients treated with genotypic-guided therapy: pharmacological data from the Viradapt Study." Aids 14 (2000): 1333-9. [PMID: 10930147]
167	Product Information. Verzenio (abemaciclib). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
168	Product Information. Calquence (acalabrutinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
169	Product Information. Piqray (alpelisib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
170	Product Information. Eliquis (apixaban). Bristol-Myers Squibb Canada Inc, Montreal, IN.
171	Product Information. Coartem (artemether-lumefantrine). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
172	Product Information. Stendra (avanafil). Vivus Inc, Mountain View, CA.
173	Product Information. Ayvakit (avapritinib). Blueprint Medicines Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
174	Product Information. Sirturo (bedaquiline). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
175	Product Information. Biktarvy (bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
176	Product Information. Viread (tenofovir). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
177	Product Information. Incivek (telaprevir). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
178	Product Information. Victrelis (boceprevir). Schering-Plough Corporation, Kenilworth, NJ.
179	Product Information. Bosulif (bosutinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
180	Product Information. Zulresso (brexanolone). Sage Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
181	Product Information. Alunbrig (brigatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
182	Product Information. Cabometyx (cabozantinib). Exelixis Inc, S San Francisco, CA.
183	Product Information. Cometriq (cabozantinib). Exelixis Inc, S San Francisco, CA.
184	Product Information. Tabrecta (capmatinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
185	Product Information. Zykadia (ceritinib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
186	Product Information. Genvoya (cobicistat/elvitegravir/emtricitabine/tenofov). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
187	Product Information. Tybost (cobicistat). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
188	Smith DS, Fujimoto JM "Alterations produced by novobiocin during biliary excretion of morphine, morphine-3-glucuronide and other compounds." J Pharmacol Exp Ther 188 (1974): 504-15. [PMID: 4273910]
189	Product Information. Aliqopa (copanlisib). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
190	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Canadian Product Information.".
191	Product Information. Xalkori (crizotinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
192	Product Information. Nubeqa (darolutamide). Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ.
193	Product Information. Pifeltro (doravirine). Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
194	EMA. European Medicines Agency. European Union "EMA - List of medicines under additional monitoring.".
195	Product Information. Copiktra (duvelisib). Verastem, Inc., Needham, MA.
196	Product Information. Orilissa (elagolix). AbbVie US LLC, North Chicago, IL.
197	Product Information. Zepatier (elbasvir-grazoprevir). Merck &amp Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.
198	Product Information. Cerdelga (eliglustat). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
199	Product Information. Vitekta (elvitegravir). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
200	Product Information. Braftovi (encorafenib). Array BioPharma Inc., Boulder, CO.
201	Product Information. Rozlytrek (entrectinib). Genentech, South San Francisco, CA.
202	Product Information. Xtandi (enzalutamide). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
203	Product Information. Spravato (esketamine). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
204	Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
205	Product Information. Xospata (gilteritinib). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
206	Product Information. Daurismo (glasdegib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
207	Product Information. Mavyret (glecaprevir-pibrentasvir). Abbott Pharmaceutical, Abbott Park, IL.
208	Product Information. Imbruvica (ibrutinib). Pharmacyclics Inc, Sunnyvale, CA.
209	Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
210	Product Information. Corlanor (ivabradine). Amgen USA, Thousand Oaks, CA.
211	Product Information. Kalydeco (ivacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
212	Product Information. Orkambi (ivacaftor-lumacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
213	Product Information. Symdeko 4-Week (ivacaftor-tezacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
214	Product Information. Trikafta (elexacaftor/ivacaftor/tezacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
215	Product Information. Ninlaro (ixazomib). Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Lincolnshire, IL.
216	Product Information. Vitrakvi (larotrectinib). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
217	Product Information. Reyvow (lasmiditan). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
218	Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
219	Product Information. Dayvigo (lemborexant). Eisai Inc, Woodcliff Lake, NJ.
220	Product Information. Zokinvy (lonafarnib). Eiger BioPharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
221	Product Information. Zepzelca (lurbinectedin). Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Palo Alto, CA.
222	Product Information. Macrilen (macimorelin). Aeterna Zentaris, Charleston, SC.
223	Bruderer S, Aanismaa P, Homery MC, et al. "Effect of cyclosporine and rifampin on the pharmacokinetics of macitentan, a tissue-targeting dual endothelin receptor antagonist." AAPS J 14 (2012): 68-78. [PMID: 22189899]
224	Product Information. Opsumit (macitentan). Actelion Pharmaceuticals US Inc, South San Francisco, CA.
225	Dutreix C, Munarini F, Lorenzo S, Roesel J, Wang Y "Investigation into CYP3A4-mediated drug-drug interactions on midostaurin in healthy volunteers." Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 72 (2013): 1223-34. [PMID: 24085261]
226	Product Information. Rydapt (midostaurin). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
227	Product Information. Movantik (naloxegol). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
228	Product Information. Lynparza (olaparib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
229	Product Information. Isturisa (osilodrostat). Recordati Rare Diseases Inc, Lebanon, NJ.
230	Product Information. Tagrisso (osimertinib). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
231	Product Information. Ibrance (palbociclib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
232	Product Information. Farydak (panobinostat). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
233	Product Information. Pemazyre (pemigatinib). Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE.
234	Product Information. Iclusig (ponatinib). Ariad Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
235	Product Information. Kisqali (ribociclib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
236	Product Information. Adempas (riociguat). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
237	Product Information. Qinlock (ripretinib). Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA.
238	Product Information. Varubi (rolapitant). Tesaro Inc., Waltham, MA.
239	Product Information. Jakafi (ruxolitinib). Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE.
240	Product Information. Rapaflo (silodosin). Watson Pharmaceuticals, Corona, CA.
241	Product Information. Odomzo (sonidegib). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
242	Product Information. Diacomit (stiripentol). Biocodex Inc, Creswell, OR.
243	Product Information. Hetlioz (tasimelteon). Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc, Rockville, MD.
244	Product Information. Torisel (temsirolimus). Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
245	Product Information. Brilinta (ticagrelor). Astra-Zeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
246	Teng R, Mitchell P, Butler K "Effect of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ticagrelor in healthy subjects." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 69 (2013): 877-83. [PMID: 23093043]
247	Weeks P, Sieg A, Vahdat K, Raissi F, Nathan S "Improved ticagrelor antiplatelet effect on discontinuation of phenytoin." Ann Pharmacother 48 (2014): 644-7. [PMID: 24477376]
248	Product Information. Xeljanz (tofacitinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
249	Product Information. Tukysa (tucatinib). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
250	Product Information. Ubrelvy (ubrogepant). Allergan Inc, Irvine, CA.
251	Product Information. ella (ulipristal). Afaxys Inc., Charleston, SC.
252	Product Information. Zelboraf (vemurafenib). Genentech, South San Francisco, CA.
253	Product Information. Brukinsa (zanubrutinib). BeiGene USA, Inc, San Mateo, CA.
254	Product Information. Prograf (tacrolimus). Fujisawa, Deerfield, IL.
255	Product Information. Rapamune (sirolimus) Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Philadelphia, PA.
256	Product Information. Nexavar (sorafenib). Bayer Pharmaceutical Inc, West Haven, CT.
257	Product Information. Sutent (sunitinib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
258	Product Information. Ketek (telithromycin). Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ.
259	European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products "European Public Assessment Report Ketek (telithromycin) (Rev. 2) ".
260	Product Information. Thalomid (thalidomide). Celgene Corporation, Warren, NJ.
261	Product Information. Zanaflex (tizanidine). Acorda Therapeutics, Hawthorne, NY.
262	Berthou F, Dreano Y, Belloc C, Kangas L, Gautier JC, Beaune P "Involvement of cytochrome P450 3A enzyme family in the major metabolic pathways of toremifene in human liver microsomes." Biochem Pharmacol 47 (1994): 1883-95. [PMID: 8204106]
263	Kivisto KT, Villikka K, Nyman L, Anttila M, Neuvonen PJ "Tamoxifen and toremifene concentrations in plasma are greatly decreased by rifampin." Clin Pharmacol Ther 64 (1998): 648-54. [PMID: 9871429]
264	Product Information. Fareston (toremifene). Schering Laboratories, Kenilworth, NJ.
265	Product Information. Targretin (bexarotene) Ligand Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, CA.
266	Hellmann A, Rule S, Walewski J, et al. "Effect of cytochrome P450 3A4 inducers on the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety profiles of bortezomib in patients with multiple myeloma or Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma." Clin Pharmacokinet 50 (2011): 781-91. [PMID: 22087865]
267	Pekol T, Daniels JS, Labutti J, et al "Human metabolism of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib: identification of circulating metabolites." Drug Metab Dispos 33 (2005): 771-7. [PMID: 15764713]
268	Product Information. Velcade (bortezomib). Millennium Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
269	Uttamsingh V, Lu C, Miwa GT, Gan LS "Relative contributions of the five major human cytochromes P450, 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 to the hepatic metabolism of teh protosome inhibitor bortezomib." Drug Metab Dispos 33 (2005): 1723-8. [PMID: 16103134]
270	Product Information. Chirocaine (levobupivacaine) Organon, West Orange, NJ.
271	Heinonen J, Takki S, Jarho L "Plasma lidocaine levels in patients treated with potential inducers of microsomal enzymes." Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 14 (1970): 89-95. [PMID: 5428253]
272	Perucca E, Richens A "Reduction of oral bioavailability of lignocaine by induction of first pass metabolism in epileptic patients." Br J Clin Pharmacol 8 (1979): 21-31. [PMID: 552293]
273	Perucca E, Ruprah M, Richens A, Park BK, Betteridge DJ, Hedges AM "Effect of low-dose phenobarbitone on five indirect indices of hepatic microsomal enzyme induction and plasma lipoproteins in normal subjects." Br J Clin Pharmacol 12 (1981): 592-6. [PMID: 6117310]
274	Reichel C, Skodra T, Nacke A, Spengler U, Sauerbruch T "The lignocaine metabolite (MEGX) liver function test and P-450 induction in humans." Br J Clin Pharmacol 46 (1998): 535-9. [PMID: 9862241]
275	Product Information. Tivicay (dolutegravir). ViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, NC.
276	Product Information. Myrbetriq (mirabegron). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.

Details of Drug

Details of Drug

Cite MecDDI

About MecDDI

Correspondence