Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D1261)
Drug Name	Phenazopyridine
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	phenazopyridine; Pyridiate; Gastracid; 94-78-0; Baridium; Pyrazofen; Urogesic; 3-(Phenylazo)-2,6-pyridinediamine; Geridium; Gastrotest; Viridium; 2,6-Pyridinediamine, 3-(phenylazo)-; Pyridacil; Fenazopiridina; Eridium; 2,6-Diamino-3-phenylazopyridine; Phenazopyridinum; 2,6-Diamino-3-(phenylazo)pyridine; Phenazopyridine [INN:BAN]; UNII-K2J09EMJ52; Phenazopyridinum [INN-Latin]; Fenazopiridina [INN-Spanish]; NSC 145895; HSDB 3153; EINECS 202-363-2; BRN 0184497; 3-(phenyldiazenyl)pyridine-2,6-diamine; Pyridine, 2,6-diamino-3-(phenylazo)- Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	MG30-MG3Z: Pain
Therapeutic Class	Genitourinary Tract Agents
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C11H11N5
InChI	1S/C11H11N5/c12-10-7-6-9(11(13)14-10)16-15-8-4-2-1-3-5-8/h1-7H,(H4,12,13,14)
InChIKey	QPFYXYFORQJZEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	C1=CC=C(C=C1)N=NC2=C(N=C(C=C2)N)N
External Link
	Pubchem ID	4756
	CAS Number	94-78-0
	CHEBI ID	71416
	TTD ID	D00VUL
	INTEDE ID	DR2301

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM006 Pharmacodynamic additive effects BM055 Increased risk of hepatotoxicity BM071 Increased risk of methemoglobinemia
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Phenazopyridine
Pharmacodynamic additive effects
	Increased risk of hepatotoxicity					Drug Num: 23
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0900		Leflunomide	C12H9F3N2O2	3899	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3]
D0944		Lomitapide	C39H37F6N3O2	9853053	Major		Inter Info	[4]
D1073		Mipomersen	C230H324N67O122P19S19	118984467	Major		Inter Info	[5]
D1258		Pexidartinib	C20H15ClF3N5	25151352	Major		Inter Info	[9]
D1556		Teriflunomide	C12H9F3N2O2	54684141	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3]
D0114		Asparaginase Escherichia coli	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[12], [13], [14], [10], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]
D0357		Clofarabine	C10H11ClFN5O3	119182	Moderate		Inter Info	[26]
D0554		Efavirenz	C14H9ClF3NO2	64139	Moderate		Inter Info	[27], [28]
D0826		Interferon beta-1a	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[29], [30], [31], [32]
D0827		Interferon beta-1b	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[29], [30], [31], [32]
D1025		Methotrexate	C20H22N8O5	126941	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [33]
D1106		Naltrexone	C20H23NO4	5360515	Moderate		Inter Info	[34]
D1234		Pegaspargase	C14H19NO	436058	Moderate		Inter Info	[12], [13], [14], [10], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]
D0113		Asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[12], [13], [14], [10], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]
D0149		Bedaquiline	C32H31BrN2O2	5388906	Moderate		Inter Info	[35]
D0199		Brentuximab vedotin	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[36]
D0232		Calaspargase pegol	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[12], [13], [14], [10], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23]
D0248		Cannabidiol	C21H30O2	644019	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [37]
D0789		Idelalisib	C22H18FN7O	11625818	Moderate		Inter Info	[38]
D1239		Peginterferon beta-1a	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[29], [30], [31], [32]
D1389		Remdesivir	C27H35N6O8P	121304016	Moderate		Inter Info	[10], [15], [39], [40], [41]
D1615		Trabectedin	C39H43N3O11S	108150	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [42]
D1589		Tioguanine	C5H5N5S	2723601	Moderate		Inter Info	[43], [44]
	Increased risk of methemoglobinemia					Drug Num: 12
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1148		Nitrous acid	HNO2	24529	Major		Inter Info	[6], [7], [8]
D1338		Prilocaine (topical)	C13H20N2O	4906	Major		Inter Info	[1], [10], [11]
D0163		Benzocaine (topical)	C9H11NO2	2337	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D0339		Cinchocaine (topical)	C20H29N3O2	3025	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D0377		Cocaine (nasal)	C17H21NO4	446220	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D0378		Cocaine (topical)	C17H21NO4	446220	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D1835		Lidocaine (ophthalmic)	C14H22N2O	3676	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D0928		Lidocaine (topical)	C14H22N2O	3676	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D1852		Oxybuprocaine (ophthalmic)	C17H28N2O3	4633	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D1904		Tetracaine (ophthalmic)	C15H24N2O2	5411	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D1562		Tetracaine (topical)	C15H24N2O2	5411	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]
D1870		Proparacaine (ophthalmic)	C16H26N2O3	4935	Moderate		Inter Info	[15], [24], [25]

References
1	Canadian Pharmacists Association.
2	EMEA "EMEA public statement on leflunomide (ARAVA) - severe and serious hepatic reactions.".
3	Product Information. Arava (leflunomide). Hoechst Marion-Roussel Inc, Kansas City, MO.
4	Product Information. Juxtapid (lomitapide). Aegerion Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA.
5	Product Information. Kynamro (mipomersen). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
6	Coleman MD, Coleman NA "Drug-induced methaemoglobinaemia: treatment issues." Drug Saf 14 (1996): 394-405. [PMID: 8828017]
7	Product Information. Sodium Nitrite (sodium nitrite). Hope Pharmaceuticals, Scottsdale, AZ.
8	Rehman HU "Methemoglobinemia." West J Med 175 (2001): 193-6. [PMID: 11527852]
9	Product Information. Turalio (pexidartinib). Daiichi Sankyo, Inc., Parsippany, NJ.
10	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
11	Skold A, Cosco DL, Klein R "Methemoglobinemia: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management." South Med J 104 (2011): 757-61. [PMID: 22024786]
12	Al-Nawakil C, Willems L, Mauprivez C, et.al "Successful treatment of l-asparaginase-induced severe acute hepatotoxicity using mitochondrial cofactors." Leuk Lymphoma 55 (2014): 1670-4. [PMID: 24090500]
13	Bodmer M, Sulz M, Stadlmann S, Droll A, Terracciano L, Krahenbuhl S "Fatal liver failure in an adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia following treatment with L-asparaginase." Digestion 74 (2006): epub. [PMID: 16988508]
14	Cerner Multum, Inc "ANVISA Bulario Eletrnico.".
15	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
16	Christ TN, Stock W, Knoebel RW "Incidence of asparaginase-related hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, and thrombotic events in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with a pediatric-inspired regimen." J Oncol Pharm Pract 24 (2018): 299-308. [PMID: 28355969]
17	Jenkins R, Perlin E "Severe hepatotoxicity from Escherichia coli L-asparaginase." J Natl Med Assoc 79 (1987): 775-9. [PMID: 3305969]
18	Lu G, Karur V, Herrington JD, Walker MG "Successful treatment of pegaspargase-induced acute hepatotoxicity with vitamin B complex and L-carnitine" Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 29 (2016): 46-7. [PMID: 26722167]
19	Product Information. Asparlas (calaspargase pegol). Servier, Boston, MA.
20	Product Information. Elspar (asparaginase). Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA.
21	Product Information. Erwinaze (asparaginase Erwinia chrysanthemi). EUSA Pharma, Newtown, PA.
22	Product Information. Oncaspar (pegaspargase). Rhone-Poulenc Rorer, Collegeville, PA.
23	Burke PW, Aldoss I, Lunning MA, et.al "High-grade PEGylated asparaginase-related hepatotoxicity occurrence in a pediatric-inspired adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia regimen does not necessarily predict recurrent hepatotoxicity in subsequent cycles." Blood 122 (2013): 2671. [PMID: 29407583]
24	Guay J "Methemoglobinemia related to local anesthetics: a summary of 242 episodes." Anesth Analg 108 (2009): 837-45. [PMID: 19224791]
25	Product Information. Hurricaine (benzocaine topical). Beutlich, Waukegan, IL.
26	Product Information. Clolar (clofarabine). sanofi-aventis, Bridgewater, NJ.
27	Elsharkawy AM, Schwab U, McCarron B, et al. "Efavirenz induced acute liver failure requiring liver transplantation in a slow drug metaboliser." J Clin Virol 58 (2013): 331-3. [PMID: 23763943]
28	Product Information. Sustiva (efavirenz). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
29	Product Information. Avonex (interferon beta-1a). Biogen, Cambridge, MA.
30	Product Information. Betaseron (interferon beta-1b). Berlex, Richmond, CA.
31	Product Information. Plegridy (peginterferon beta-1a). Biogen Idec Inc, Cambridge, MA.
32	Product Information. Rebif (interferon beta-1a). Serono Laboratories Inc, Norwell, MA.
33	Product Information. Methotrexate (methotrexate). Lederle Laboratories, Wayne, NJ.
34	Product Information. ReVia (naltrexone). DuPont Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, DE.
35	Product Information. Sirturo (bedaquiline). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
36	Product Information. Adcetris (brentuximab vedotin). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
37	Product Information. Epidiolex (cannabidiol). Greenwich Biosciences Inc, Carlsbad, CA.
38	Product Information. Zydelig (idelalisib). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
39	European Medicines Agency "Summary on compassionate use. Remdesivir Gilead.".
40	Gilead Sciences, Inc "About Remdesivir.".
41	US Food and Drug Administration "Fact sheet for health care providers emergency use authorization (EUA) of remdesivir (GS-5734TM)".
42	Product Information. Yondelis (trabectedin). Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Titusville, NJ.
43	Product Information. Aubagio (teriflunomide). Genzyme Corporation, Cambridge, MA.
44	Product Information. Tabloid (thioguanine). Prasco Laboratories, Cincinnati, OH.

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