Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D0276)
Drug Name	Cefazolin
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	CEZ; Cefamezin; Cefamezine; Cefazolina; Cefazoline; Cefazolinum; Cephamezine; Cephazolidin; Cephazolin; Cephazoline; Elzogram; Cephazolin Sodium; Ancef (TN); Cefacidal (TN); Cefamezin (TN); Cefazolin (USP); Cefazolin [USAN:INN]; Cefazolin(usp); Cefazolina [INN-Spanish]; Cefazoline [INN-French]; Cefazolinum [INN-Latin]; Cefrina (TN); Elzogram (TN); Faxilen (TN); Gramaxin (TN); Kefazol (TN); Kefol (TN); Kefzol (TN); Kefzolan (TN); Kezolin (TN); Novaporin (TN); Zolicef (TN); (6R, 7R)-3-[[(5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]methyl]-8-oxo-7-[[1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetyl]amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; (6R,7R)-3-(((5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-7-(2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; (6R,7R)-3-[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-8-oxo-7-[[2-(tetrazol-1-yl)acetyl]amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; (6R,7R)-3-{[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}-8-oxo-7-[(1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; (6R,7R)-3-{[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]methyl}-8-oxo-7-[(1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino]-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; (6R-trans)-3-(((5-Methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio)methyl)-8-oxo-7-(((1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetyl)-amino)-5-thia-1-azabicyclo(4.2.0)oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid; 3-{[(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl}-7beta-[(1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino]-3,4-didehydrocepham-4-carboxylic acid; 7-(1-(1H-)-Tetrazolylacetamido)-3-(2-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazolyl)thiomethyl)delta3-cephem-4-carboxylic acid Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	1A00-1C4Z: Bacterial infection
Therapeutic Class	Antibiotics
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C14H14N8O4S3
InChI	1S/C14H14N8O4S3/c1-6-17-18-14(29-6)28-4-7-3-27-12-9(11(24)22(12)10(7)13(25)26)16-8(23)2-21-5-15-19-20-21/h5,9,12H,2-4H2,1H3,(H,16,23)(H,25,26)/t9-,12-/m1/s1
InChIKey	MLYYVTUWGNIJIB-BXKDBHETSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CC1=NN=C(S1)SCC2=C(N3C(C(C3=O)NC(=O)CN4C=NN=N4)SC2)C(=O)O
External Link
	Pubchem ID	33255
	CAS Number	25953-19-9
	CHEBI ID	474053
	TTD ID	D09KDN
	INTEDE ID	DR2503
	VARIDT ID	DR00577

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM001 Affected gastrointestinal absorption AM003 Affected organization distribution AM005 Affected excretion pathways AM006 Pharmacodynamic additive effects AM007 Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects BM002 Altered intestinal flora BM014 Interference of cell/tissue uptake BM028 Competitive inhibition of renal tubular secretion BM031 Increased renal excretion (Unspecific) BM050 Increased risk of bleeding BM072 Increased risk of nephrotoxicity BM100 Antagonize the effect of vaccine/toxoid BM107 Attenuated pharmacological effects (Unspecific)
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Cefazolin
Affected gastrointestinal absorption
	Altered intestinal flora					Drug Num: 2
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1094		Mycophenolate mofetil	C23H31NO7	5281078	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70]
D1095		Mycophenolic acid	C17H20O6	446541	Moderate		Inter Info	[69], [70]
Affected organization distribution
	Interference of cell/tissue uptake					Drug Num: 1
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1817		Indium In-111 oxyquinoline	C27H18InN3O3	16685037	Moderate		Inter Info	[58]
Affected excretion pathways
	Competitive inhibition of renal tubular secretion					Drug Num: 2
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0576		Entecavir	C12H15N5O3	135398508	Moderate		Inter Info	[68]
D1341		Probenecid	C13H19NO4S	4911	Moderate		Inter Info	[71], [72], [73], [74], [75], [76], [77], [78], [79], [80], [81], [82], [83], [84], [85], [86], [87], [88], [89], [90], [91], [92], [93], [94], [95], [96], [97], [98]
	Increased renal excretion (Unspecific)					Drug Num: 3
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0217		Bumetanide	C17H20N2O5S	2471	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57]
D0704		Furosemide	C12H11ClN2O5S	3440	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51], [52], [53], [54], [55], [56], [57]
D1611		Torasemide	C16H20N4O3S	41781	Moderate		Inter Info	[50], [51], [54]
Pharmacodynamic additive effects
	Increased risk of bleeding					Drug Num: 5
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1400		Rifampicin	C43H58N4O12	135398735	Major		Inter Info	[5], [6], [7]
D0087		Anisindione	C16H12O3	2197	Moderate		Inter Info	[47], [48], [49]
D0481		Dicoumarol	C19H12O6	54676038	Moderate		Inter Info	[47], [48], [49]
D1711		Warfarin	C19H16O4	54678486	Moderate		Inter Info	[47], [48], [49]
D0753		Heparin	C26H42N2O37S5	772	Minor		Inter Info	[7], [99], [100]
	Increased risk of nephrotoxicity					Drug Num: 11
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0056		Amikacin	C22H43N5O13	37768	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D0057		Amikacin (liposome)	C22H43N5O13	37768	Moderate		Inter Info	[17], [25], [46]
D0724		Givosiran	C78H139N11O30	119058042	Moderate		Inter Info	[14], [1]
D1304		Plazomicin	C25H48N6O10	42613186	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D0718		Gentamicin	C21H43N5O7	3467	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D0876		Kanamycin	C18H36N4O11	6032	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D1120		Neomycin	C23H46N6O13	8378	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D1126		Netilmicin	C21H41N5O7	441306	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D1138		Nimodipine	C21H26N2O7	4497	Moderate		Inter Info	[14], [1]
D1507		Streptomycin	C21H39N7O12	19649	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
D1597		Tobramycin	C18H37N5O9	36294	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]
Pharmacodynamic antagonistic effects
	Antagonize the effect of vaccine/toxoid					Drug Num: 2
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1914		Typhoid vaccine (live)	NA	NA	Major		Inter Info	[1], [2], [3]
D1693		Vibrio cholerae CVD 103-HgR strain live antigen (live)	NA	NA	Major		Inter Info	[4]
	Attenuated pharmacological effects (Unspecific)					Drug Num: 5
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D1011		Mestranol	C21H26O2	6291	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61]
D1287		Picosulfuric acid	C18H15NO8S2	5243	Moderate		Inter Info	[62], [63], [64]
D0313		Chloramphenicol	C11H12Cl2N2O5	5959	Moderate		Inter Info	[65], [66], [67]
D0606		Estradiol	C18H24O2	5757	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61]
D0619		Ethinylestradiol	C20H24O2	5991	Moderate		Inter Info	[59], [60], [61]

References
1	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
2	UK government "Typhoid.".
3	American Medical Association, Division of Drugs and Toxicology "Drug evaluations annual 1994." Chicago, IL: American Medical Association (1994).
4	Product Information. Vaxchora (cholera vaccine, live). PaxVax, Miami, FL.
5	Sieradzan RR, Bottner WA, Fasco MJ, Bertino JS Jr "Comparative effects of cefoxitin and cefotetan on vitamin K metabolism." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 32 (1988): 1446-9.[PMID: 3196007]
6	Agnelli G, Del Favero A, et al "Cephalosporin-Induced Hypoprothrombinemia: Is the N-Methylthiotetrazole Side Chain the Culprit?" Antimicrob Agents Chemother 29 (1986): 1108-1109.[PMID: 3729364]
7	Khaleeli M, Giorgio AJ "Defective platelet function after cephalosporin administration." Blood 48 (1976): 791-2.[PMID: 974269]
8	Agencia Espaola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios Healthcare "Centro de informacion online de medicamentos de la AEMPS - CIMA.".
9	Aronoff GR, Brier RA, Sloan RS, Brier ME "Interactions of ceftazidime and tobramycin in patients with normal and impaired renal function." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 34 (1990): 1139-42. [PMID: 2203304]
10	Barbhaiya RH, Knupp CA, Pfeffer M, Pittman KA "Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between cefepime and amikacin in humans." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 36 (1992): 1382-6. [PMID: 1510431]
11	Bobrow SN, Jaffe E, Young RC "Anuria and acute tubular necrosis associated with gentamicin and cephalothin." JAMA 222 (1972): 1546-7. [PMID: 4678426]
12	Cabanillas F, Burgos RC, Rodriguez C, Baldizon C "Nephrotoxicity of combined cephalothin-gentamicin regimen." Arch Intern Med 135 (1975): 850-2. [PMID: 1130930]
13	Carling PC, Idelson BA, Casano AA, Alexander EA, McCabe WR "Nephrotoxicity associated with cephalothin administration." Arch Intern Med 135 (1975): 797-801. [PMID: 1130924]
14	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
15	Cockram CS, Richards P, Bax RP "The safety of cefuroxime and gentamicin in patients with reduced renal function." Curr Med Res Opin 6 (1980): 398-403. [PMID: 7363640]
16	Dellinger P, Murphy T, Barza M, et al "Effect of cephalothin on renal cortical concentrations of gentamicin in rats." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 9 (1976): 587-8. [PMID: 1267436]
17	Engle JE, Drago J, Carlin B, Schoolwerth AC "Letter: Reversible acute renal failure after cephalothin." Ann Intern Med 83 (1975): 232-3. [PMID: 1147461]
18	Fanning WL, Gump D, Jick H "Gentamicin and cephalothin-associated rises in blood urea nitrogen." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 10 (1976): 80-2. [PMID: 984759]
19	Fanning WL, Gump D, Jick H "Gentamicin- and cephalothin-associated rises in blood urea nitrogen." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 10 (1976): 80-2. [PMID: 984759]
20	Fillastre JP, Laumonier R, Humbert G, et al "Acute renal failure associated with combined gentamicin and cephalothin therapy." Br Med J 2 (1973): 396-7. [PMID: 4703097]
21	Foord RD "Cephaloridine, cephalothin and the kidney." J Antimicrob Chemother 1 (1975): 119-33. [PMID: 1201976]
22	Gonzalez-Vitale JC, hayes DM, Cvitkovic E, Sternberg SS "Acute renal failure after cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum (II) and gentamicin-cephalothin therapies." Cancer Treat Rep 62 (1978): 693-8. [PMID: 657154]
23	Gurwich EL, Sula J, Hoy RH "Gentamicin-cephalothin drug reaction." Am J Hosp Pharm 35 (1978): 1402-3. [PMID: 707512]
24	Hansen MM, Kaaber K "Nephrotoxicity in combined cephalothin and gentamicin therapy." Acta Med Scand 201 (1977): 463-7. [PMID: 899868]
25	Kabins SA, Cohen S "Cephalothin serum levels in the azotemic patient." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 10 (1964): 207-14. [PMID: 14287932]
26	Klastersky J, Hensgens C, Debusscher L "Empiric therapy for cancer patients: comparative study of ticarcillin-tobramycin, ticarcillin-cephalothin, and cephalothin-tobramycin." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 7 (1975): 640-5. [PMID: 1096809]
27	Kleinknecht D, Ganeval D, Droz D "Acute renal failure after high doses of gentamicin and cephalothin." Lancet 05/19/73 (1973): 1129. [PMID: 4122055]
28	Kleinknecht D, Ganeval D, Droz D "Acute renal failure after high doses of gentamicin and cephalothin." Lancet 1 (1973): 1129. [PMID: 4122055]
29	Krcmery V, Fuchsberger P, Gocar M, et al "Nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides, polypeptides and cephalosporins in cancer patients." Chemotherapy 37 (1991): 287-91. [PMID: 1790727]
30	Pasternak DP, Stephens BG "Reversible nephrotoxicity associated with cephalothin therapy." Arch Intern Med 135 (1975): 599-602. [PMID: 1138675]
31	Pickering MJ, Spooner GR, Quesada A, de Cade JR "Declining renal function associated with administration of cephalothin." South Med J 63 (1970): 426-8. [PMID: 5437593]
32	Plager JE "Association of renal injury with combined cephalothin-gentamicin therapy among patients severely ill with malignant disease." Cancer 37 (1976): 1937-43. [PMID: 1260696]
33	Product Information. Arikayce (amikacin liposome). Insmed Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ.
34	Product Information. Mycifradin (neomycin). Emerson Laboratories, Texarkana, TX.
35	Renal failure in combined gentamicin and cephalothin therapy. Br Med J 2 (1973): 776-7. [PMID: 4718331]
36	Rodjer S, Alestig K, Bergmark J, et al "Treatment of septicaemia in immunocompromised patients with ceftazidime, or with tobramycin and cefuroxime, with special reference to renal effects." J Antimicrob Chemother 20 (1987): 109-16. [PMID: 3305460]
37	Sanders WE, Jr Johnson JE, 3d Taggart JG "Adverse reactions to cephalothin and cephapirin. Uniform occurrence on prolonged intravenous administration of high doses." N Engl J Med 290 (1974): 424-9. [PMID: 4811017]
38	Schentag JJ, Cerra FB, Plaut ME "Clinical and pharmacokinetic characteristics of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in 201 critically ill patients." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 21 (1982): 721-6. [PMID: 7103453]
39	Schultze RG, Winters RE, Kauffman H "Possible nephrotoxicity of gentamicin." J Infect Dis 124 (1971): s145-7. [PMID: 5126240]
40	Schwartz JH, Schein P "Fanconi syndrome associated with cephalothin and gentamicin therapy." Cancer 41 (1978): 769-72. [PMID: 343914]
41	Tobias JS, Whitehouse JM, Wrigley PF "Letter: Severe renal dysfunction after tobramycin/cephalothin therapy." Lancet 1 (1976): 425. [PMID: 55686]
42	Trollfors B, Alestig K, Rodjer S, Sandberg T, Westin J "Renal function in patients treated with tobramycin-cefuroxime or tobramycin-penicillin G." J Antimicrob Chemother 12 (1983): 641-5. [PMID: 6363382]
43	Tvedegaard E "Letter: Interaction between gentamicin and cephalothin as cause of acute renal failure." Lancet 2 (1976): 581. [PMID: 60663]
44	Wade J, Smith C, Petty B, et al "Nephrotoxicity of gentamicin or tobramycin with methicillin or cephalothin." Curr Chem 2 (1978): 971-2.
45	Wade JC, Smith CR, Petty BG, et al "Cephalothin plus an aminoglycoside is more nephrotoxic than methicillin plus an aminoglycoside." Lancet 2 (1978): 604-6. [PMID: 80528]
46	Yasuhara H, Kobayashi S, Sakamoto K, Kamijo K "Pharmacokinetics of amikacin and cephalothin in bedridden elderly patients." J Clin Pharmacol 22 (1982): 403-9. [PMID: 7130429]
47	Product Information. Suprax (cefixime). Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc, Baltimore, MD.
48	Wood T, Johnson K, Naylor S, Weinshilboum R "Cefazolin administration and 2-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol in humantissue: possible relationship to hypoprothrombinemia." Drug Metab Dispos 30 (2002): 1123-1128
49	Natelson EA, Brown CH, 3d Bradshaw MW, Alfrey CP, Jr Williams TW, Jr "Influence of cephalosporin antibiotics on blood coagulation and platelet function." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 9 (1976): 91-3
50	Chrysos G, Gargalianos P, Lelekis M, Stefanou J, Kosmidis J "Pharmacokinetic interactions of ceftazidime and frusemide." J Chemother 7 Suppl (1995): 107-10. [PMID: 8904125]
51	Dodds MG, Foord RD "Enhancement by potent diuretics of renal tubular necrosis induced by cephaloridine." Br J Pharmacol 40 (1970): 227-36. [PMID: 5492895]
52	Korn A, Eichler HG, Gasic S "A drug interaction study of ceftriaxone and frusemide in healthy volunteers." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 24 (1986): 262-4. [PMID: 3733274]
53	Lawson DH, Macadam RF, Singh H, et al "Effect of furosemide on antibiotic-induced renal damage in rats." J Infect Dis 126 (1972): 593-600. [PMID: 4664116]
54	Norrby R, Stenqvist K, Elgefors B "Interaction between cephaloridine and furosemide in man." Scand J Infect Dis 8 (1976): 209-12. [PMID: 968459]
55	Simpson IJ "Nephrotoxicity and acute renal failure associated with cephalothin and cephaloridine." N Z Med J 74 (1971): 312-5. [PMID: 5289757]
56	Tilstone WJ, Semple PF, Lawson DH, Boyle JA "Effects of furosemide on glomerular filtration rate and clearance of practolol, digoxin, cephaloridine, and gentamicin." Clin Pharmacol Ther 22 (1977): 389-94. [PMID: 902451]
57	Trollfors B, Norrby R, Kristianson K, Nilsson NJ "Effects on renal function of treatment with cefoxitin alone or in combination with furosemide." Scand J Infect Dis 13 (1978): 73-7. [PMID: 356182]
58	Product Information. Indium Oxyquinoline In-111 (indium oxyquinoline In-111). GE Healthcare, Princeton, NJ.
59	Back DJ, Breckenridge AM, Crawford FE, MacIver M, Orne ML, Rowe PH "Interindividual variation and drug interactions with hormonal steroid contraceptives." Drugs 21 (1981): 46-61. [PMID: 7009137]
60	Barnett ML "Inhibition of oral contraceptive effectiveness by concurrent antibiotic administration." J Periodontol 56 (1985): 18-20. [PMID: 3882930]
61	King VJ "OC failure rates and oral antibiotics." J Fam Pract 45 (1997): 104-5. [PMID: 9267366]
62	Product Information. Prepopik (citric acid/Mg oxide/Na picosulfate). Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY.
63	MHRA. Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (general site Reference).
64	Product Information. Clenpiq (citric acid/Mg oxide/Na picosulfate). Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY.
65	Agencia Espaola de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios Healthcare "Centro de informacion online de medicamentos de la AEMPS - CIMA."
66	Asmar BI, Prainito M, Dajani AS "Antagonistic effect of chloramphenicol in combination with cefotaxime or ceftriaxone." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 32 (1988): 1375-8
67	Brown TH, Alford RH "Antagonism by chloramphenicol of broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics against Klebsiella pneumoniae." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 25 (1984): 405-7
68	Product Information. Baraclude (entecavir). Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ.
69	Product Information. CellCept (mycophenolate mofetil). Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
70	Product Information. Myfortic (mycophenolic acid). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
71	Brown G, Zemcov SJ, Clarke AM "Effect of probenecid on cefazolin serum concentrations." J Antimicrob Chemother 31 (1993): 1009-11. [PMID: 8360120]
72	Brown GR "Cephalosporin-probenecid drug interactions." Clin Pharmacokinet 24 (1993): 289-300. [PMID: 8491057]
73	Garton AM, Rennie RP, Gilpin J, Marrelli M, Shafran SD "Comparison of dose doubling with probenecid for sustaining serum cefuroxime levels." J Antimicrob Chemother 40 (1997): 903-6. [PMID: 9462447]
74	Griffith RS, Black HR, Brier GL, Wolny JD "Effect of probenecid on the blood levels and urinary excretion of cefamandole." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 11 (1977): 809-12. [PMID: 879735]
75	Ings RM, Reeves DS, White LO, et al "The human pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime and its metabolites and the role of renal tubular secretion on their elimination." J Pharmacokinet Biopharm 13 (1985): 121-42. [PMID: 4057054]
76	Kercsmar CM, Stern RC, Reed MD, et al "Ceftazidime in cystic fibrosis: pharmacokinetics and therapeutic response." J Antimicrob Chemother 12 (1983): 289-95. [PMID: 6352634]
77	Ko H, Cathcart KS, Griffith DL, Peters GR, Adams WJ "Pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered cefmetazole and cefoxitin and effects of probenecid on cefmetazole elimination." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 33 (1989): 356-61. [PMID: 2729930]
78	DiPiro JT, Welage LS, Levine BA, et al. Single-dose cefmetazole versus multiple dose cefoxitin for prophylaxis in abdominal surgery.?J Antimicrob Chemother. 1989;23 Suppl D:71-77. [PMID: 2722725]
79	LeBel M, Paone RP, Lewis GP "Effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime." J Antimicrob Chemother 12 (1983): 147-55. [PMID: 6311785]
80	Luthy R, Blaser J, Bonetti A, Simmen H, Wise R, Siegenthaler W "Comparative multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of cefotaxime, moxalactam, and ceftazidime." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 20 (1981): 567-75. [PMID: 6275776]
81	Marino EL, Dominguez-Gil A "The pharmacokinetics of cefadroxil associated with probenecid." Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 19 (1981): 506-8. [PMID: 6795136]
82	LeBel M, Paone RP, Lewis GP. Effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of ceftizoxime.?J Antimicrob Chemother. 1983;12(2):147-155. [PMID: 6311785]
83	Mischler TW, Sugerman AA, Willard DA, et al "Influence of probenecid and food on the bioavailability of cephradine in normal male subjects." J Clin Pharmacol 14 (1974): 604-11. [PMID: 4436447]
84	Nooyen SM, Overbeek BP, Delariviere AB, Storm AJ, Langemeyer JJ "Prospective randomised comparison of single-dose versus multiple-dose cefuroxime for prophylaxis in coronary artery bypass grafting." Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 13 (1994): 1033-7. [PMID: 7889965]
85	Pitkin D, Dubb J, Actor P, et al "Kinetics and renal handling of cefonicid." Clin Pharmacol Ther 30 (1981): 587-93. [PMID: 7297018]
86	Product Information. Ceftin (cefuroxime). Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
87	Product Information. Fortaz (ceftazidime). Glaxo Wellcome, Research Triangle Park, NC.
88	Product Information. Omnicef (cefdinir). Parke-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ.
89	Product Information. Rocephin (ceftriaxone). Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ.
90	Product Information. Tazicef (ceftazidime). SmithKline Beecham, Philadelphia, PA.
91	Product Information. Vantin (cefpodoxime proxetil). Pharmacia and Upjohn, Kalamazoo, MI.
92	Reeves DS, Bullock DW, Bywater MJ, Holt HA, White LO, Thornhill DP "The effect of probenecid on the pharmacokinetics and distribution of cefoxitin in healthy volunteers." Br J Clin Pharmacol 11 (1981): 353-9. [PMID: 7259928]
93	Santoro J, Agarwal BN, Martinelli R, et al "Pharmacology of cefaclor in normal volunteers and patients with renal failure." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 13 (1978): 951-4. [PMID: 677862]
94	Shukla UA, Pittman KA, Barbhaiya RH "Pharmacokinetic interactions of cefprozil with food, propantheline, metoclopramide, and probenecid in healthy volunteers." J Clin Pharmacol 32 (1992): 725-31. [PMID: 1487562]
95	Spina SP, Dillon EC "Effect of chronic probenecid therapy on cefazolin serum concentrations." Ann Pharmacother 37 (2003): 621-4. [PMID: 12708933]
96	Stoeckel K, Trueb V, Dubach UC, McNamara PJ "Effect of probenecid on the elimination and protein binding of ceftriaxone." Eur J Clin Pharmacol 34 (1988): 151-6. [PMID: 3383987]
97	Vlasses PH, Holbrook AM, Schrogie JJ, Rogers JD, Ferguson RK, Abrams WB "Effect of orally administered probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of cefoxitin." Antimicrob Agents Chemother 17 (1980): 847-55. [PMID: 7396472]
98	Welling PG, Dean S, Selen A, et al "Probenecid: an unexplained effect on cephalosporin pharmacology." Br J Clin Pharmacol 8 (1979): 491-5. [PMID: 508557]
99	Angaran DM, Dias VC, Arom KV, et al "The comparative influence of prophylactic antibiotics on the prothrombin response to warfarin in the postoperative prosthetic cardiac valve patient." Ann Surg 206 (1987): 155-61
100	Lerner PI, Lubin A "Coagulopathy with cefazolin in uremia." N Engl J Med 290 (1974): 1324

Details of Drug

Details of Drug

Cite MecDDI

About MecDDI

Correspondence