Details of Drug

Drug General Information (ID: D0099)
Drug Name	Apremilast
Drug Type	Small molecule
Drug Synonymous	Apremilast (USAN); CC-10004; N-[2-[1-(3-ethoxy-4-methoxy-phenyl)-2-methylsulfonyl-ethyl]-1,3-dioxo-isoindol-4-yl]acetamide Click to Show/Hide
Disease Class	EA90: Psoriasis
Therapeutic Class	Antirheumatics
Structure
Structure	3D Structure		2D Structure
Formula	C22H24N2O7S
InChI	1S/C22H24N2O7S/c1-5-31-19-11-14(9-10-18(19)30-3)17(12-32(4,28)29)24-21(26)15-7-6-8-16(23-13(2)25)20(15)22(24)27/h6-11,17H,5,12H2,1-4H3,(H,23,25)/t17-/m1/s1
InChIKey	IMOZEMNVLZVGJZ-QGZVFWFLSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CCOC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C(CS(=O)(=O)C)N2C(=O)C3=C(C2=O)C(=CC=C3)NC(=O)C)OC
External Link
	Pubchem ID	11561674
	CAS Number	608141-41-9
	CHEBI ID	78540
	TTD ID	D07ESC
	INTEDE ID	DR0124
	VARIDT ID	DR01264

Drug-Drug Interaction Network
Sunburst Graph		Legend Information AM002 Affected cellular transport AM004 Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism BM010 Transporter inhibition BM017 CYP450 enzyme inhibition BM022 CYP450 enzyme induction
Relation Graph

Full list of drugs interacting with Apremilast
Affected cellular transport
	Transporter inhibition					Drug Num: 10
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0176		Betrixaban	C23H22ClN5O3	10275777	Moderate		Inter Info	[5]
D0569		Encorafenib	C22H27ClFN7O4S	50922675	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [9]
D0590		Erdafitinib	C25H30N6O2	67462786	Moderate		Inter Info	[10]
D0720		Gilteritinib	C29H44N8O3	49803313	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [8], [12]
D0725		Glasdegib	C21H22N6O	25166913	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [13]
D0852		Isavuconazonium	C35H35F2N8O5S+	6918606	Moderate		Inter Info	[8]
D0897		Lasmiditan	C19H18F3N3O2	11610526	Moderate		Inter Info	[14]
D0898		Ledipasvir	C49H54F2N8O6	67505836	Moderate		Inter Info	[15]
D1409		Ripretinib	C24H21BrFN5O2	71584930	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [19]
D1660		Tucatinib	C26H24N8O2	51039094	Moderate		Inter Info	[21]
Affected intra/extra-hepatic metabolism
	CYP450 enzyme inhibition					Drug Num: 4
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0002		Abametapir (topical)	C12H12N2	15664	Moderate		Inter Info	[4]
D0699		Fostamatinib	C23H26FN6O9P	11671467	Moderate		Inter Info	[11]
D0899		Lefamulin	C28H45NO5S	25185057	Moderate		Inter Info	[16], [17], [18]
D0432		Deferasirox	C21H15N3O4	214348	Moderate		Inter Info	[22], [23]
	CYP450 enzyme induction					Drug Num: 53
Drug ID		Drug Name	Formula	Pubchem ID	Severity Level		Interaction Detail	REF
D0095		Apalutamide	C21H15F4N5O2S	24872560	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D0578		Enzalutamide	C21H16F4N4O2S	15951529	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D0958		Lumacaftor	C24H18F2N2O5	16678941	Major		Inter Info	[2], [1], [3]
D0255		Carbamazepine	C15H12N2O	2554	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D0697		Fosphenytoin	C16H15N2O6P	56339	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D1078		Mitotane	C14H10Cl4	4211	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D1265		Phenobarbital	C12H12N2O3	4763	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D1283		Phenytoin	C15H12N2O2	1775	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D1340		Primidone	C12H14N2O2	4909	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D1400		Rifampicin	C43H58N4O12	135398735	Major		Inter Info	[2], [1], [3]
D1502		St. John's Wort	NA	NA	Major		Inter Info	[1]
D0061		Aminoglutethimide	C13H16N2O2	2145	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0071		Amobarbital	C11H18N2O3	2164	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0204		Brigatinib	C29H39ClN7O2P	68165256	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0300		Cenobamate	C10H10ClN5O2	11962412	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0406		Dabrafenib	C23H20F3N5O2S2	44462760	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0545		Echinacea	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[6], [7]
D0555		Elagolix	C32H30F5N3O5	11250647	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0601		Eslicarbazepine	C15H14N2O2	9881504	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0628		Etravirine	C20H15BrN6O	193962	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0872		Ivosidenib	C28H22ClF3N6O3	71657455	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0901		Lemborexant	C22H20F2N4O2	56944144	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0905		Lesinurad	C17H14BrN3O2S	53465279	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0953		Lorlatinib	C21H19FN6O2	71731823	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1258		Pexidartinib	C20H15ClF3N5	25151352	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1433		Rufinamide	C10H8F2N4O	129228	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1493		Somapacitan	C54H95N13O20S2	129894493	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1495		Somatrem	C43H72N14O14	5487805	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1538		Tazemetostat	C34H44N4O4	66558664	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1546		Telotristat ethyl	C27H26ClF3N6O3	25181577	Moderate		Inter Info	[8], [20]
D1687		Vemurafenib	C23H18ClF2N3O3S	42611257	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0178		Bexarotene	C24H28O2	82146	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0194		Bosentan	C27H29N5O6S	104865	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0224		Butabarbital	C10H16N2O3	2479	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0225		Butalbital	C11H16N2O3	2481	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0453		Dexamethasone	C22H29FO5	5743	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0554		Efavirenz	C14H9ClF3NO2	64139	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0639		Felbamate	C11H14N2O4	3331	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0741		Griseofulvin	C17H17ClO6	441140	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1040		Methylphenobarbital	C13H14N2O3	8271	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1099		Nafcillin	C21H22N2O5S	8982	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1128		Nevirapine	C15H14N4O	4463	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1198		Oxcarbazepine	C15H12N2O2	34312	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1248		Pentobarbital	C11H18N2O3	4737	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1274		Phenylbutazone	C19H20N2O2	4781	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1399		Rifabutin	C46H62N4O11	135398743	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1401		Rifapentine	C47H64N4O12	135403821	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1453		Secobarbital	C12H18N2O3	5193	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1494		Somatotropin	NA	NA	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1518		Sulfinpyrazone	C23H20N2O3S	5342	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D1652		Troglitazone	C24H27NO5S	5591	Moderate		Inter Info	[1]
D0106		Armodafinil	C15H15NO2S	9690109	Minor		Inter Info	[24], [25], [26], [27], [28]
D1081		Modafinil	C15H15NO2S	4236	Minor		Inter Info	[24], [25], [26], [27], [28]

References
1	Product Information. Otezla (apremilast). Celgene Corporation, Summit, NJ.
2	Product Information. Kalydeco (ivacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
3	Product Information. Trikafta (elexacaftor/ivacaftor/tezacaftor). Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA.
4	Product Information. Xeglyze (abametapir topical). Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Inc, Upper Saddle River, NJ.
5	Product Information. Bevyxxa (betrixaban). Portola Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
6	Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information.".
7	Gorski JC, Huang SM, Pinto A, et al. "The effect of echinacea (Echinacea purpurea root) on cytochrome P450 activity in vivo." Clin Pharmacol Ther 75 (2004): 89-100. [PMID: 14749695]
8	Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics.".
9	Product Information. Braftovi (encorafenib). Array BioPharma Inc., Boulder, CO.
10	Product Information. Balversa (erdafitinib). Janssen Products, LP, Horsham, PA.
11	Product Information. Tavalisse (fostamatinib). Rigel Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA.
12	Product Information. Xospata (gilteritinib). Astellas Pharma US, Inc, Deerfield, IL.
13	Product Information. Daurismo (glasdegib). Pfizer U.S. Pharmaceuticals Group, New York, NY.
14	Product Information. Reyvow (lasmiditan). Lilly, Eli and Company, Indianapolis, IN.
15	Product Information. Harvoni (ledipasvir-sofosbuvir). Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA.
16	Product Information. Fycompa (perampanel). Eisai Inc, Teaneck, NJ.
17	Product Information. Xenleta (lefamulin). Nabriva Therapeutics US, Inc., King of Prussia, PA.
18	Warrington SJ, Ankier SI, Turner P "Evaluation of possible interactions between ethanol and trazodone or amitriptyline." Neuropsychobiology 15 (1986): 31-7. [PMID: 3725002]
19	Product Information. Qinlock (ripretinib). Deciphera Pharmaceuticals, Waltham, MA.
20	Product Information. Xermelo (telotristat ethyl). Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., The Woodlands, TX.
21	Product Information. Tukysa (tucatinib). Seattle Genetics Inc, Bothell, WA.
22	Product Information. Exjade (deferasirox). Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ.
23	Skerjanec A, Wang J, Maren K, Rojkjaer L "Investigation of the pharmacokinetic interactions of deferasirox, a once-daily oral iron chelator, with midazolam, rifampin, and repaglinide in healthy volunteers." J Clin Pharmacol 50 (2010): 205-13. [PMID: 19940232]
24	Doherty MM, Charman WN "The mucosa of the small intestine: how clinically relevant as an organ of drug metabolism?" Clin Pharmacokinet 41 (2002): 235-53. [PMID: 11978143]
25	Product Information. Nuvigil (armodafinil). Cephalon Inc, West Chester, PA.
26	Product Information. Provigil (modafinil). Cephalon, Inc, West Chester, PA.
27	Robertson P Jr, Hellriegel ET, Arora S, Nelson M "Effect of modafinil on the pharmacokinetics of ethinyl estradiol and triazolam in healthy volunteers." Clin Pharmacol Ther 71 (2002): 46-56. [PMID: 11823757]
28	Robertson P, Decory HH, Madan A, Parkinson A "In vitro inhibition and induction of human hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes by modafinil." Drug Metab Dispos 28 (2000): 664-71. [PMID: 10820139]

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